Ordodi Valentin L, Paunescu Virgil, Mic Felix A
Department of Physiology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania.
J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci. 2008 Sep;47(5):44-6.
Rats are used widely in ischemia-reperfusion and other heart experiments, but current protocols for thoracotomy have serious shortcomings. Median sternotomy causes bleeding from sternum itself and the internal thoracic arteries, whereas left thoracotomy requires exteriorization of the heart and its reintroduction after completion of the procedure and often is complicated by traction or torsion of the cardiopulmonary bundle and atelectasis in the left lung. Here we describe a new, terminal procedure that minimizes blood loss and allows wide access to the heart without disturbing its anatomic position. Transverse thoracotomy, preferably through the fifth intercostal space, is performed after double ligature of both internal thoracic arteries 1 intercostal space above and 1 below the incision. Blood loss is minimal and occurs mainly with dissection of deep pectoral muscles and intercostal muscles, and the animal is better ventilated than with conventional protocols. We believe that our procedure is superior to existing techniques because it minimizes blood loss during intervention, does not disturb the anatomic position of the heart, and allows wide access to the organ for experimental manipulation.
大鼠广泛应用于缺血再灌注及其他心脏实验，但目前的开胸手术方案存在严重缺陷。正中胸骨切开术会导致胸骨本身及胸廓内动脉出血，而左胸切开术需要将心脏移出体外并在手术完成后再放回，且常因心肺束带的牵引或扭转以及左肺肺不张而变得复杂。在此，我们描述一种新的终末手术方法，该方法可使失血量降至最低，并能在不干扰心脏解剖位置的情况下广泛暴露心脏。横断开胸术，最好通过第五肋间间隙进行，在切口上方和下方各一个肋间间隙对双侧胸廓内动脉进行双重结扎后进行。失血量极少，主要发生在胸大肌和肋间肌的分离过程中，与传统方案相比，动物通气更好。我们认为我们的手术方法优于现有技术，因为它在干预过程中使失血量降至最低，不干扰心脏的解剖位置，并能广泛暴露心脏以便进行实验操作。
