Kilsztajn Samuel, Lopes Erika de Souza, Lima Luciana Zilles, Rocha Patrícia Avanzini Ferreira da, Carmo Manuela Santos Nunes do
Laboratório de Economia Social, São Paulo, Brasil.
Cad Saude Publica. 2008 Oct;24(10):2354-62. doi: 10.1590/s0102-311x2008001000016.
The objective of this study was to estimate the number of psychiatric beds occupied per State in Brazil and the amount paid by the Unified National Health System (SUS) for hospitalizations, professional services, tests, and medicines in the country in 2004. The mean number of psychiatric beds occupied, estimated on the basis of total days of hospitalization during the year, and the amount paid by the SUS were obtained from the Hospital Admissions Authorizations (AIH). A total of 45 thousand psychiatric beds were occupied by the SUS in 2004. The SUS paid a total of BRL$487 million (some U$270 million) for hospitalization of patients with mental disorders in 2004. Private hospitals accounted for 78.8% of all psychiatric beds occupied by the SUS. Although the deactivation of 15 mil psychiatric beds could currently generate BRL$162 million (U$90 million) to be reallocated to non-hospital psychiatric services, planning and implementation of the Psychiatric Reform have been very limited. The precarious extra-hospital network has been used as a barrier to deactivation of psychiatric beds, although the latter generates the necessary resources for the former.
本研究的目的是估算巴西每个州的精神科病床占用数量，以及2004年巴西统一国家卫生系统（SUS）为住院治疗、专业服务、检查和药品支付的费用。根据当年住院总天数估算出的精神科病床平均占用数量，以及SUS支付的费用，均来自医院入院授权（AIH）。2004年，SUS共占用了4.5万张精神科病床。2004年，SUS为精神障碍患者的住院治疗总共支付了4.87亿雷亚尔（约合2.7亿美元）。私立医院占SUS占用的所有精神科病床的78.8%。尽管目前停用15000张精神科病床可产生1.62亿雷亚尔（9000万美元）用于重新分配到非住院精神科服务，但精神科改革的规划和实施非常有限。不稳定的院外网络被用作停用精神科病床的障碍，尽管停用病床能为院外网络提供必要资源。
