Lauderdale J W
Lauderdale Enterprises Inc., Augusta, MI 49012, USA.
J Anim Sci. 2009 Feb;87(2):801-12. doi: 10.2527/jas.2008-1407. Epub 2008 Oct 24.
American Society of Animal Science members, publishing in Journal of Animal Science (JAS), completed research that resulted in understanding the estrous cycle of cattle, which led to the ability to inseminate cattle on a given day with pregnancy rates similar to those achieved by 21-d breeding by a fertile and sound bull. Research published in JAS led to understanding estrus, ovulation, the estrous cycle, and postpartum interval for cattle (1930s through 1960s) and hormonal factors affecting corpus luteum lifespan of cattle (1950s through 1980s). Research during the 1940s to 1960s, using gonadotropins and progesterone to manage the estrous cycle of cattle, established the concepts for estrous synchronization and stimulated commercial research directed at developing cost-effective progestogen estrous synchronization products, leading to commercially available products from 1967 through today (Repromix, melengestrol acetate, Syncro-Mate-B, controlled internal drug release). Prostaglandin F(2alpha) products were approved for estrous synchronization (1970s, 1980s), and GnRH products were approved for use in cattle to treat ovarian follicular cysts (1970s, 1980s). Research published in JAS was essential for understanding the biology of and potential value of both PGF(2alpha) and GnRH and contributed both to new knowledge and scientific bases for future Food and Drug Administration Center for Veterinary Medicine approval of those products. Research during the1980s through 2000s led to understanding ovarian follicular waves and described the timing of follicular recruitment, selection, dominance, and atresia; this research was essential for the ability to effectively manage follicles to achieve success with timed AI. The knowledge gained through research published in JAS resulted in development of the numerous estrous synchronization and breeding management protocols that are cost-effective and meet the breeding management needs of most beef and dairy enterprises.
美国动物科学学会的成员在《动物科学杂志》（JAS）上发表了相关研究，这些研究成果有助于了解母牛的发情周期，从而能够在特定日期对母牛进行人工授精，其受孕率与由健康且繁殖能力强的公牛进行21天配种所达到的受孕率相似。发表在JAS上的研究使人们了解了母牛的发情、排卵、发情周期和产后间隔（20世纪30年代至60年代），以及影响母牛黄体寿命的激素因素（20世纪50年代至80年代）。20世纪40年代至60年代，利用促性腺激素和孕酮来调控母牛发情周期的研究，确立了同期发情的概念，并推动了旨在开发具有成本效益的孕激素同期发情产品的商业研究，从而催生出了从1967年至今的一系列商业可用产品（Repromix、醋酸甲地孕酮、Syncro-Mate-B、控制内释药物）。前列腺素F（2α）产品被批准用于同期发情（20世纪70年代、80年代），促性腺激素释放激素（GnRH）产品被批准用于治疗母牛卵巢卵泡囊肿（20世纪70年代、80年代）。发表在JAS上的研究对于理解PGF（2α）和GnRH的生物学特性及潜在价值至关重要，为新知识的产生以及未来美国食品药品监督管理局兽医中心批准这些产品奠定了科学基础。20世纪80年代至21世纪初的研究使人们了解了卵巢卵泡波，并描述了卵泡募集、选择、优势化和闭锁的时间；这项研究对于有效管理卵泡以实现定时人工授精的成功至关重要。通过发表在JAS上的研究获得的知识，促成了众多具有成本效益且满足大多数肉牛和奶牛企业繁殖管理需求的同期发情和繁殖管理方案的制定。
