Kumanyika Shiriki
Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, 8th Floor Blockley Hall, 423 Guardian Drive, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6021, USA.
Prev Med. 2008 Dec;47(6):583-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2008.09.012. Epub 2008 Oct 9.
Within the overall obesity epidemic, the burden of obesity and related health problems is particularly high among African Americans, Hispanic/Latino Americans, American Indians, and Pacific Islanders--both children and adults. The often asked question of what types of obesity interventions work in these populations reflects uncertainty about how applicable standard interventions are to diverse socio-cultural groups and socio-environmental contexts. A meta-analysis in this issue of Preventive Medicine (Seo and Sa, 2008. A meta-analysis of psycho-behavioral obesity interventions among US multiethnic and minority adults) includes selected multi-ethnic and minority-focused studies that in total had 40% minority participants. Although the authors' conclusions were congruent with current general guidance for weight loss programs, insights about how to intervene with minority populations were limited by the small amount and nature of the available evidence. Ethnic minorities in the aggregate are now a third of the U.S. population. We should be purposeful in identifying research needs and quality standards for conducting and reporting studies with these populations and in motivating related research. Improving the relevance to and quality of evidence on obesity prevention and treatment for a more diverse set of populations will also improve the weight control literature as a whole.
在整体肥胖流行趋势中,肥胖及相关健康问题在非裔美国人、西班牙裔/拉丁裔美国人、美国印第安人和太平洋岛民(包括儿童和成人)中的负担尤为沉重。经常被问到的问题是,哪些类型的肥胖干预措施对这些人群有效,这反映出对于标准干预措施在不同社会文化群体和社会环境背景下的适用性存在不确定性。本期《预防医学》杂志上的一项荟萃分析(Seo和Sa,2008年。美国多种族和少数族裔成年人心理行为肥胖干预措施的荟萃分析)纳入了一些以多种族和少数族裔为重点的研究,这些研究总共纳入了40%的少数族裔参与者。尽管作者的结论与当前减肥项目的一般指导意见一致,但由于现有证据的数量和性质,关于如何对少数族裔人群进行干预的见解有限。总体而言,少数族裔现在占美国人口的三分之一。我们应该有目的地确定针对这些人群开展和报告研究的研究需求和质量标准,并推动相关研究。提高针对更多样化人群的肥胖预防和治疗证据的相关性和质量,也将整体上改善体重控制方面的文献。