Novozhilov Yuri K, Zemlyanskaya Inna V, Schnittler Martin, Stephenson Steven L
V.L. Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prof Popov Street 2, 197376 Saint Petersburg, Russia.
Mycologia. 2008 Sep-Oct;100(5):816-22. doi: 10.3852/08-047.
Two new myxomycete species from dry steppe and desert communities of the Caspian Lowland (Russia) and central Kazakhstan are described and illustrated. They are placed tentatively within genus Perichaena, which does include species with a reduced capillitium and single-layered peridium. Both species were found repeatedly in moist chamber cultures; P. heterospinispora appeared on leaf litter and twigs, whereas P. polygonospora occurred on leaf litter and weathered dung of rodents. Both species have spore ornamentation that is unique for members of genera Licea and Perichaena. The spore ornamentation of the first species includes scattered large, pyramid-like spines 0.9-1.2 microm high that sometimes have enlarged ends. Among these spines the spore surface is covered by evenly and densely distributed warts that are visible only by SEM. The second species is characterized by angular spores with a coarse network of rounded ridges. The areas among these ridges bear scattered composite warts 0.3-0.5 microm high that sometimes coalesce to form clusters but more often are distributed evenly and densely and are visible only by SEM. The stability of the taxonomic characters of both species was confirmed by several collections from different regions obtained in 2 y. The morphology of the fructifications of the two myxomycetes was examined with both scanning electron and light microscopy, and micrographs of all relevant features are presented.
本文描述并展示了来自里海低地（俄罗斯）和哈萨克斯坦中部干旱草原及沙漠群落的两种新黏菌物种。它们暂时被归入团毛黏菌属，该属确实包含孢丝退化且包被为单层的物种。这两个物种在湿室培养中均被多次发现；异刺孢团毛黏菌出现在落叶层和小树枝上，而多角孢团毛黏菌则出现在落叶层和啮齿动物的风化粪便上。这两个物种的孢子纹饰在光柄黏菌属和团毛黏菌属成员中都是独特的。第一个物种的孢子纹饰包括散布的大型金字塔状刺，高0.9 - 1.2微米，有时末端会膨大。在这些刺之间，孢子表面覆盖着均匀且密集分布的疣，这些疣只有通过扫描电子显微镜才能看到。第二个物种的特征是具有角状孢子，表面有粗糙的圆形脊网络。这些脊之间的区域有散布的复合疣，高0.3 - 0.5微米，有时会合并形成簇，但更常见的是均匀且密集地分布，同样只有通过扫描电子显微镜才能看到。通过在两年内从不同地区采集的多个样本，证实了这两个物种分类特征的稳定性。使用扫描电子显微镜和光学显微镜对这两种黏菌子实体的形态进行了检查，并展示了所有相关特征的显微照片。
