Institut de Pharmacologie et Biologie Structurale, UMR, CNRS 5089, 205, Rte. de Narbonne, F-31077 Toulouse, France.
Talanta. 2001 Dec 13;55(5):965-71. doi: 10.1016/s0039-9140(01)00494-5.
Recent achievements of membrane protein science allow easy protein modification by genetic engineering and, for some proteins, their production in large quantities. We regard these features as the basic requirements for applications of membrane proteins in materials science. Here, we demonstrate a possible application of membrane proteins, inserting porins from the outer cell wall of Escherichia coli into the walls of liposomes. Encapsulation of enzymes into liposomes or polymer nanocapsules protects them against proteases and denaturation. Functional reconstitution of porins into the capsule shell allows to control the rate and selectivity of substrate permeation, and thus to control the enzyme reaction kinetics. We suggest that this technique can prove to be useful in the area of biosensors, providing enzymatic stability while keeping the functionality or even enhancing the sensitivity by substrate preselection. Another application of this kind of stabilisation is in the field of single enzyme activity recording.
膜蛋白科学的最新成果使得通过基因工程很容易对蛋白质进行修饰，并且对于某些蛋白质来说，可以大量生产。我们认为这些特点是将膜蛋白应用于材料科学的基本要求。在这里，我们展示了膜蛋白的一种可能的应用，即将大肠杆菌外壁孔蛋白插入脂质体的壁中。将酶封装在脂质体或聚合物纳米胶囊中可以防止蛋白酶和变性。将孔蛋白功能性地重建到胶囊壳中可以控制底物渗透的速率和选择性，从而控制酶反应动力学。我们认为，这项技术在生物传感器领域可能会很有用，在保持酶功能的同时提供酶的稳定性，甚至通过底物预选来提高灵敏度。这种稳定化的另一种应用是在单个酶活性记录领域。
