[Pediatrics in Arezzo: a millennium].

The analysis of the evolution of Pediatrics in Arezzo, from 1100 until today, has been a very positive contribution to the study of pediatric history. It explains health problems and the true suburban environment allowing to verify the effective and operational applications of the laws issued by the central governments. In particular, it describes the care given to foundlings, the development of hospital facilities and the case of the six children who died of sepsis in 1959.