Mutoh Yoshiteru, Ohta-Fukushima Miho, Takasugi Shin-ichiro, Soyano Ayako
The University of Tokyo, Faculty of Education, Department of Physical and Health Education.
Clin Calcium. 2008 Nov;18(11):1600-9.
Falls among the elderly mainly result from aging, lack of exercise, and physical and/or mental disorders. They cause fractures and other injuries. It is necessary that likelihood of falling should be evaluated from the view point of both decreased physical function and fear of falling. General exercise including balance training is considered to be most effective to reduce falls. We must take good care not to cause falling and resultant fracture due to exercise of falls prevention program. Many sided intervention, including a check and counseling on medication and environmental improvement, walking in the sunshine, which stimulates vitamin D biosynthesis and so on, are needed. Further studies on falls prevention among the elderly with dementia and males receiving hormonal therapy with prostatic cancer are necessary.
老年人跌倒主要由衰老、缺乏运动以及身体和/或精神障碍引起。跌倒会导致骨折和其他损伤。有必要从身体功能下降和跌倒恐惧两个角度评估跌倒的可能性。包括平衡训练在内的一般运动被认为对减少跌倒最有效。我们必须格外小心，避免因实施预防跌倒计划的运动而导致跌倒及由此引发的骨折。需要进行多方面的干预，包括药物检查与咨询、改善环境、在阳光下散步（这会刺激维生素D的生物合成等）。有必要针对患有痴呆症的老年人以及接受前列腺癌激素治疗的男性进一步开展预防跌倒的研究。
