Departamento de Odontología Social, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.
J Oral Rehabil. 2009 Jan;36(1):26-31. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2842.2008.01899.x. Epub 2008 Oct 29.
The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of condition-specific impacts on daily performances attributed to malocclusion in British adolescents. Two hundred 16- to 17-year-old adolescents were randomly selected from 957 children attending a public college in London, UK. During interviews, participants provided information about demographic variables and socio-dental impacts on quality of life attributed to malocclusions, using the Condition-Specific form of the Oral Impacts on Daily Performances (CS-OIDP) index. Adolescents were also clinically examined using the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need. Statistical comparison by covariates was performed using chi-squared test and chi-squared test for trends. The prevalence of oral impacts on daily performances attributed to any oral condition was 26.5% whereas the prevalence of CS-OIDP attributed to malocclusion was 21.5%. There was no statistically significant difference by sex, age, ethnicity or orthodontic treatment status of schoolchildren in the prevalence of CS-OIDP attributed to malocclusion (P >/= 0.243 for all cases). However, there was a linear trend for the prevalence of CS-OIDP attributed to malocclusion, by level of normative orthodontic treatment need (P = 0.042). The prevalence of such impacts increased from 16.8% for adolescents with no/slight need for orthodontic treatment, to 31.7% for those with definite need for orthodontic treatment. Although findings support the idea that malocclusion has physical, psychological and social effects on quality of life of these adolescents, the inconsistencies in findings between the self-reports of impacts of malocclusion and the assessment of normative needs highlight the shortcomings of using only clinical indexes to estimate orthodontic treatment needs.
本研究旨在评估英国青少年因错颌畸形导致的日常活动受限的特定影响的流行程度。从英国伦敦一所公立学校的 957 名儿童中随机抽取 200 名 16 至 17 岁的青少年。在访谈中，参与者使用口腔影响日常表现的特定条件量表（CS-OIDP）评估了与错颌相关的生活质量的社会口腔影响，并提供了有关人口统计学变量和生活质量的信息。使用正畸治疗需求指数对青少年进行了临床检查。使用卡方检验和卡方趋势检验对协变量进行了统计学比较。任何口腔状况引起的日常活动受限的口腔影响发生率为 26.5%，而错颌引起的 CS-OIDP 发生率为 21.5%。性别、年龄、种族或学校儿童的正畸治疗状况对错颌引起的 CS-OIDP 的发生率没有统计学差异（所有病例 P≥0.243）。然而，错颌引起的 CS-OIDP 的发生率存在线性趋势，与正畸治疗需求的正常水平有关（P=0.042）。这种影响的发生率从无/轻度正畸治疗需求的青少年的 16.8%增加到需要明确正畸治疗的青少年的 31.7%。尽管研究结果支持错颌畸形对这些青少年的生活质量具有身体、心理和社会影响的观点，但错颌畸形影响的自我报告与正常需求评估之间的结果不一致，突出了仅使用临床指数来估计正畸治疗需求的局限性。
