Floyd Anna H L, Westmaas J Lee, Targhetta Valerie, Moyer Anne
Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-2500, USA.
Addict Behav. 2009 Feb;34(2):154-63. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2008.10.006. Epub 2008 Oct 11.
Smokers who acknowledge the personal health risks of smoking are more likely to attempt quitting. Unfortunately, many smokers are unrealistically optimistic about their health risks. Depressed smokers, however, may be more realistic about their risks. These studies examined the relationship between depressive symptoms and risk perceptions among two groups: college-age smokers (N = 128) and smokers from the nationally representative HINTS database (N = 1,246). In the college sample, among highly tobacco dependent smokers, more depressed smokers believed more strongly that quitting eliminates lung cancer risk (b = - .27, p = .01), and they estimated a faster reversal of risk after quitting (b = - .70, p = .03). In the HINTS sample, among highly tobacco dependent women, the more depressed they were, the higher their perceived risk of developing lung cancer (b = .23, p = .05). In sum, depressive symptoms among some smokers may lead to heightened risk perceptions. However the belief that quitting can reduce risk quickly might encourage smokers to postpone quitting. Cessation programs could benefit from tailoring their programs accordingly.
认识到吸烟对个人健康有风险的吸烟者更有可能尝试戒烟。不幸的是，许多吸烟者对自身健康风险持不切实际的乐观态度。然而，抑郁的吸烟者可能对自身风险更现实。这些研究考察了两组人群中抑郁症状与风险认知之间的关系：大学生吸烟者（N = 128）和来自具有全国代表性的健康信息全国趋势调查（HINTS）数据库的吸烟者（N = 1246）。在大学生样本中，在烟草高度依赖的吸烟者中，抑郁程度越高的吸烟者越坚信戒烟能消除患肺癌的风险（b = -0.27，p = 0.01），并且他们估计戒烟后风险逆转得更快（b = -0.70，p = 0.03）。在HINTS样本中，在烟草高度依赖的女性中，她们越抑郁，认为自己患肺癌的风险就越高（b = 0.23，p = 0.05）。总之，一些吸烟者的抑郁症状可能导致风险认知增强。然而，认为戒烟能迅速降低风险的信念可能会促使吸烟者推迟戒烟。戒烟项目可以据此调整项目内容而受益。
