Deshmane Vishwanath G, Gogate Parag R, Pandit Aniruddha B
Chemical Engineering Department, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai-40019, India.
Ultrason Sonochem. 2009 Mar;16(3):345-50. doi: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2008.09.004. Epub 2008 Sep 26.
Esterification is one of the most preferred synthesis routes for organic esters which are most frequently used as plasticizers, solvents and perfumery and flavour chemicals. The present work deals with acid catalyzed synthesis of isopropyl esters from palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) in the presence of ultrasonic irradiations operating at 25kHz frequency and 1kW of supplied power. Effect of different operating parameters such as molar ratio of reactants, catalyst quantity and operating temperature has been studied with an aim of optimization. It has been observed that ultrasound enhances the rate of reaction and the extent of equilibrium conversion. The optimum parameters for this process have been found to be 1:5 molar ratio of PFAD to isopropanol, catalyst concentration of 5% of PFAD and 60 degrees C reaction temperature. Maximum conversion levels of about 80% have been obtained in 6h of reaction time under these optimized conditions. Analysis of the kinetic data indicates that the reaction follows first order reversible path.
酯化是制备有机酯最常用的合成路线之一，有机酯常用作增塑剂、溶剂以及香料和调味化学品。本工作研究了在25kHz频率和1kW供电功率的超声辐照下，由棕榈脂肪酸馏出物（PFAD）酸催化合成异丙酯。研究了不同操作参数（如反应物摩尔比、催化剂用量和操作温度）的影响，以实现优化。已观察到超声可提高反应速率和平衡转化率。该工艺的最佳参数为PFAD与异丙醇的摩尔比为1:5、催化剂浓度为PFAD的5%以及反应温度为60℃。在这些优化条件下，反应6小时可获得约80%的最大转化率。动力学数据分析表明，该反应遵循一级可逆路径。
