Wilson Nedra F
Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, OK, USA.
Methods Mol Biol. 2008;475:39-51. doi: 10.1007/978-1-59745-250-2_3.
Differentiation of vegetative cells of the haploid eukaryote Chlamydomonas is dependent on environmental conditions. Upon depletion of nitrogen and exposure to light, vegetative cells undergo a mitotic division, generating gametes that are either mating-type plus (mt[+]) or mating-type minus (mt[-]). As gametes of opposite mating type encounter one another, an initial adhesive interaction mediated by flagella induces a signal transduction pathway that results in activation of gametes. Gametic activation results in the exposure of previously cryptic regions of the plasma membrane (mating structures) that contain the molecules required for gametic cell adhesion and fusion. Recent studies have identified new steps in this signal transduction pathway, including the tyrosine phosphorylation of a cyclic guanosine monophosphate-dependent protein kinase, a requirement for a novel microtubular motility known as intraflagellar transport, and a mt(+)-specific molecule that mediates adhesion between mating structures.
单倍体真核生物衣藻营养细胞的分化取决于环境条件。在氮耗尽并暴露于光照下时，营养细胞进行有丝分裂，产生交配型为正（mt[+]）或交配型为负（mt[-]）的配子。当相反交配型的配子相互相遇时，由鞭毛介导的初始黏附相互作用会诱导一条信号转导途径，从而导致配子激活。配子激活会导致质膜先前隐蔽区域（交配结构）的暴露，这些区域包含配子细胞黏附和融合所需的分子。最近的研究已经确定了这条信号转导途径中的新步骤，包括一种环磷酸鸟苷依赖性蛋白激酶的酪氨酸磷酸化、对一种称为鞭毛内运输的新型微管运动的需求，以及一种介导交配结构之间黏附的mt(+)特异性分子。
