Ficetola Gentile Francesco, Padoa-Schioppa Emilio, De Bernardi Fiorenza
Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy.
Conserv Biol. 2009 Feb;23(1):114-23. doi: 10.1111/j.1523-1739.2008.01081.x. Epub 2008 Oct 20.
Studies on riparian buffers have usually focused on the amount of land needed as habitat for the terrestrial life stages of semiaquatic species. Nevertheless, the landscape surrounding wetlands is also important for other key processes, such as dispersal and the dynamics of metapopulations. Multiple elements that influence these processes should therefore be considered in the delineation of buffers. We analyzed landscape elements (forest cover, density of roads, and hydrographic network) in concentric buffers to evaluate the scale at which they influence stream amphibians in 77 distinct landscapes. To evaluate whether our results could be generalized to other contexts, we determined whether they were consistent across the study areas. Amphibians required buffers of 100-400 m of suitable terrestrial habitat, but interspecific differences in the amount of habitat were large. The presence of amphibians was related to roads and the hydrographic network at larger spatial scales (300-1500 m), which suggests that wider buffers are needed with these elements. This pattern probably arose because these elements influence dispersal and metapopulation persistence, processes that occur at large spatial scales. Furthermore, in some cases, analyses performed on different sets of landscapes provided different results, which suggests caution should be used when conservation recommendations are applied to disparate areas. Establishment of riparian buffers should not be focused only on riparian habitat, but should take a landscape perspective because semiaquatic species use multiple elements for different functions. This approach can be complex because different landscape elements require different spatial extents. Nevertheless, a shift of attention toward the management of different elements at multiple spatial scales is necessary for the long-term persistence of populations.
对河岸缓冲带的研究通常聚焦于作为半水生生物陆地生活阶段栖息地所需的土地面积。然而，湿地周边的景观对于其他关键过程也很重要，比如扩散和集合种群动态。因此，在划定缓冲带时应考虑影响这些过程的多个因素。我们分析了同心缓冲带中的景观要素（森林覆盖、道路密度和水系网络），以评估它们在77个不同景观中影响溪流两栖动物的尺度。为了评估我们的结果是否能推广到其他环境，我们确定了它们在各研究区域是否一致。两栖动物需要100 - 400米适宜陆地栖息地的缓冲带，但不同物种所需栖息地面积差异很大。在较大空间尺度（300 - 1500米）上，两栖动物的存在与道路和水系网络有关，这表明对于这些要素需要更宽的缓冲带。这种模式可能是因为这些要素影响扩散和集合种群的持续性，而这些过程发生在较大空间尺度。此外，在某些情况下，对不同景观集进行的分析得出了不同结果，这表明在将保护建议应用于不同区域时应谨慎。河岸缓冲带的建立不应仅关注河岸栖息地，而应从景观角度考虑，因为半水生生物利用多种要素实现不同功能。这种方法可能很复杂，因为不同景观要素需要不同的空间范围。然而，为了种群的长期存续，有必要将注意力转向在多个空间尺度上对不同要素的管理。
