Weber Susanne, Gressner Olav A, Hall Rabea, Grünhage Frank, Lammert Frank
Department of Medicine II, Saarland University Hospital, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany.
Clin Liver Dis. 2008 Nov;12(4):747-57, vii. doi: 10.1016/j.cld.2008.07.012.
Hepatic fibrosis, or scarring of the liver, is a nonspecific reaction to chronic liver injury. Hepatic fibrosis is commonly caused by exogenous factors such as viral hepatitis or alcohol abuse, but recent studies also indicate a genetic predisposition. Although some patients who have chronic liver diseases show only minor morphologic and functional alterations of the liver and are characterized by slow progression of disease with mild clinical symptoms, others develop pronounced hepatic fibrosis rapidly, culminating in cirrhosis, liver failure, or hepatocellular carcinoma, respectively. These well known differences in progression of hepatic fibrosis persist when controlling for age (at infection), gender, and exogenous factors in multivariate analysis, indicating that genetic factors might play important roles in the modulation of hepatic fibrosis and contribute to the variability in fibrosis progression. This review summarizes genetic determinants in hepatic fibrosis.
肝纤维化，即肝脏瘢痕形成，是对慢性肝损伤的一种非特异性反应。肝纤维化通常由诸如病毒性肝炎或酒精滥用等外源性因素引起，但最近的研究也表明存在遗传易感性。虽然一些患有慢性肝病的患者仅表现出肝脏轻微的形态学和功能改变，其疾病进展缓慢且临床症状较轻，但另一些患者则迅速发展为明显的肝纤维化，最终分别导致肝硬化、肝衰竭或肝细胞癌。在多变量分析中，当控制年龄（感染时）、性别和外源性因素时，肝纤维化进展的这些众所周知的差异依然存在，这表明遗传因素可能在肝纤维化的调节中起重要作用，并导致纤维化进展的变异性。本综述总结了肝纤维化中的遗传决定因素。
