Smith Bruce W, Dalen Jeanne, Wiggins Kathryn T, Christopher Paulette J, Bernard Jennifer F, Shelley Brian M
Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131-1161, USA.
Explore (NY). 2008 Nov-Dec;4(6):359-67. doi: 10.1016/j.explore.2008.08.001.
The aim of this study was to identify individual differences associated with the willingness to use complementary and alternative medicine (CAM).
A questionnaire was administered and the relationship between individual differences and the willingness to use CAM was examined using correlation and multiple regression analyses.
The sample consisted of 276 undergraduate students (64% female) of diverse ethnicity (43% white, 33% Hispanic, 8% Native American, 16% other) and a wide range of incomes.
The willingness to use 16 types of CAM was assessed for six categories: whole medical systems, mind-body medicine, biologically based practices, manipulative and body-based practices, energy medicine, and spiritually based practices. The individual differences assessed included age, gender, income, ethnicity, the Big Five personality characteristics, optimism, spirituality, religiosity, and three aspects of emotional intelligence: mood attention, mood clarity, and mood repair.
The individual differences accounted for approximately one fifth of the variance in overall willingness to use CAM. Openness to experience, spirituality, and mood attention were the strongest predictors of overall willingness to use CAM and were related to the willingness to use most of the individual types of CAM. Older age or female gender was related to greater willingness to use most of the mind-body medicines. Hispanic ethnicity was related to greater willingness to use curanderismo, and Native American ethnicity was related to greater willingness to use Native American medicine and a spiritual/faith healer.
本研究旨在确定与使用补充和替代医学（CAM）意愿相关的个体差异。
进行问卷调查，并使用相关性和多元回归分析来检验个体差异与使用CAM意愿之间的关系。
样本包括276名本科生（64%为女性），他们来自不同种族（43%为白人，33%为西班牙裔，8%为美国原住民，16%为其他），收入范围广泛。
评估了对16种CAM类型在六个类别中的使用意愿：整个医学体系、身心医学、基于生物的疗法、基于手法和身体的疗法、能量医学以及基于精神的疗法。评估的个体差异包括年龄、性别、收入、种族、大五人格特质、乐观主义、灵性、宗教信仰以及情商的三个方面：情绪关注、情绪清晰度和情绪修复。
个体差异约占使用CAM总体意愿差异的五分之一。经验开放性、灵性和情绪关注是使用CAM总体意愿的最强预测因素，并且与使用大多数个体CAM类型的意愿相关。年龄较大或女性性别与使用大多数身心医学的意愿较高相关。西班牙裔种族与使用curanderismo的意愿较高相关，而美国原住民种族与使用美国原住民医学和精神/信仰治疗师的意愿较高相关。
