Gothe H
IGES Institut, Berlin, BRD.
Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2008 Oct;51(10):1145-54. doi: 10.1007/s00103-008-0649-8.
Due to an increase in pharmaceutical expenditure and growing demands on the observation and analysis of the pharmaceutical use in the overall population, pharmacoepidemiology has increasingly gained importance. In the foreground of this scientific discipline is the analysis of drug use in every day treatment; pharmaceutical prescription data are a suitable data source as they are part of the health care routine. In Germany prescription data are collected as process data of the Statutory Health Insurance (GKV) under naturalistic conditions and are for this reason not distorted by study designs nor artificial survey conditions. The contribution at hand states the most common data sources und gives an overview on the character of pharmaceutical prescription data, their information content and how they can be used for scientific research. The prevailing study designs which are applied in pharmacoepidemiologic surveys and the prevalent methodological approaches of the pharmaceutical appliance research on the basis of secondary GKV data are presented. Furthermore, an outlook is given on Pharmacoepidemiological Databases (PDb) that are already well-established in other countries and possibilities will be shown for monitoring drug utilization and turnover.
由于药品支出增加以及对全体人群用药观察和分析的需求不断增长，药物流行病学的重要性日益凸显。这一学科的重点是日常治疗中药物使用情况的分析；药品处方数据是合适的数据来源，因为它们是医疗保健日常工作的一部分。在德国，处方数据是在自然条件下作为法定医疗保险（GKV）的过程数据收集的，因此不会受到研究设计或人为调查条件的扭曲。本文阐述了最常见的数据来源，并概述了药品处方数据的特征、信息内容以及如何将其用于科学研究。介绍了药物流行病学调查中常用的研究设计以及基于GKV二级数据的药物应用研究的常用方法。此外，还展望了在其他国家已经成熟的药物流行病学数据库（PDb），并展示了监测药物利用和流通的可能性。
