Huss Anke, Spoerri Adrian, Egger Matthias, Röösli Martin
Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Am J Epidemiol. 2009 Jan 15;169(2):167-75. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwn297. Epub 2008 Nov 5.
The relation between residential magnetic field exposure from power lines and mortality from neurodegenerative conditions was analyzed among 4.7 million persons of the Swiss National Cohort (linking mortality and census data), covering the period 2000-2005. Cox proportional hazard models were used to analyze the relation of living in the proximity of 220-380 kV power lines and the risk of death from neurodegenerative diseases, with adjustment for a range of potential confounders. Overall, the adjusted hazard ratio for Alzheimer's disease in persons living within 50 m of a 220-380 kV power line was 1.24 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.80, 1.92) compared with persons who lived at a distance of 600 m or more. There was a dose-response relation with respect to years of residence in the immediate vicinity of power lines and Alzheimer's disease: Persons living at least 5 years within 50 m had an adjusted hazard ratio of 1.51 (95% CI: 0.91, 2.51), increasing to 1.78 (95% CI: 1.07, 2.96) with at least 10 years and to 2.00 (95% CI: 1.21, 3.33) with at least 15 years. The pattern was similar for senile dementia. There was little evidence for an increased risk of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, or multiple sclerosis.
在瑞士全国队列的470万人中（将死亡率与人口普查数据相联系）分析了来自输电线的住宅磁场暴露与神经退行性疾病死亡率之间的关系，涵盖2000 - 2005年期间。使用Cox比例风险模型分析居住在220 - 380 kV输电线附近与神经退行性疾病死亡风险之间的关系，并对一系列潜在混杂因素进行了调整。总体而言，与居住在距离220 - 380 kV输电线600米或更远的人相比，居住在距离该输电线50米以内的人患阿尔茨海默病的调整后风险比为1.24（95%置信区间（CI）：0.80，1.92）。在输电线紧邻区域居住的年限与阿尔茨海默病存在剂量反应关系：在50米内居住至少5年的人调整后风险比为1.51（95% CI：0.91，2.51），居住至少10年时增至1.78（95% CI：1.07，2.96），居住至少15年时增至2.00（95% CI：1.21，3.33）。老年痴呆症的模式类似。几乎没有证据表明肌萎缩侧索硬化症、帕金森病或多发性硬化症的风险增加。
