Robinson Oliver J, Sahakian Barbara J
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Biol Psychiatry. 2009 Jan 1;65(1):89-92. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.10.001. Epub 2008 Nov 8.
Affective disorders are associated with altered cognitive performance. However, the precise interaction between affect and cognition is unclear. The manipulation of serotonin (5-HT), a neurotransmitter implicated in affect, influences performance on "hot" cognitive tasks that require the processing of affective stimuli, but manipulation of affect via mood induction influences performance on "cold" cognitive tasks that do not involve affective stimuli. We attempted to disentangle the influence of affect on cognition by examining the effect of manipulating both serotonin (via acute tryptophan depletion [ATD]) and mood on established hot and cold cognitive tasks.
In a double blind, placebo-controlled crossover design, 33 healthy mood-induced (positive, negative, or neutral) subjects completed the (hot) affective go/no-go (AGNG) and (cold) one touch tower (OTT) following both placebo and ATD.
Mood influenced performance on the OTT but not AGNG; ATD influenced performance on the AGNG but not OTT.
A double dissociation was demonstrated between the influence of ATD and mood on cognition, indicating that serotonin and mood are not closely linked. We hypothesize that this is due to the differences between emotions and moods and that aberrant cognition in affective disorders may be provoked through both bottom-up and top-down mechanisms.
情感障碍与认知表现的改变有关。然而，情感与认知之间的确切相互作用尚不清楚。血清素（5-羟色胺，5-HT）是一种与情感有关的神经递质，对血清素的操控会影响需要处理情感刺激的“热”认知任务的表现，但通过情绪诱导来操控情感会影响不涉及情感刺激的“冷”认知任务的表现。我们试图通过研究操控血清素（通过急性色氨酸耗竭[ATD]）和情绪对既定的热认知任务和冷认知任务的影响，来厘清情感对认知的影响。
在一项双盲、安慰剂对照的交叉设计中，33名通过情绪诱导（积极、消极或中性）的健康受试者在服用安慰剂和进行急性色氨酸耗竭后，完成了（热）情感Go/No-Go（AGNG）任务和（冷）一键式塔楼（OTT）任务。
情绪影响了OTT任务的表现，但对AGNG任务没有影响；急性色氨酸耗竭影响了AGNG任务的表现，但对OTT任务没有影响。
急性色氨酸耗竭和情绪对认知的影响之间表现出双重分离，表明血清素和情绪没有紧密联系。我们推测这是由于情绪和心境之间的差异，并且情感障碍中的异常认知可能通过自下而上和自上而下的机制引发。
