Chamberlain Samuel R, Müller Ulrich, Blackwell Andrew D, Clark Luke, Robbins Trevor W, Sahakian Barbara J
Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Box 189, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, UK.
Science. 2006 Feb 10;311(5762):861-3. doi: 10.1126/science.1121218.
Cognitive functions dependent on the prefrontal cortex, such as the ability to suppress behavior (response inhibition) and to learn from complex feedback (probabilistic learning), play critical roles in activities of daily life. To what extent do different neurochemical systems modulate these two cognitive functions? Here, using stop-signal and probabilistic learning tasks, we show a double dissociation for the involvement of noradrenaline and serotonin in human cognition. In healthy volunteers, inhibition of central noradrenaline reuptake improved response inhibition but had no effect on probabilistic learning, whereas inhibition of central serotonin reuptake impaired probabilistic learning with no effect on response inhibition.
依赖前额叶皮质的认知功能，如抑制行为的能力（反应抑制）以及从复杂反馈中学习的能力（概率学习），在日常生活活动中起着关键作用。不同的神经化学系统在多大程度上调节这两种认知功能呢？在这里，我们使用停止信号和概率学习任务，展示了去甲肾上腺素和血清素在人类认知中的参与存在双重分离现象。在健康志愿者中，抑制中枢去甲肾上腺素再摄取可改善反应抑制，但对概率学习没有影响，而抑制中枢血清素再摄取则损害概率学习，对反应抑制没有影响。
