Papazyan A
M. Geratsi Erevan State Medical University.
Georgian Med News. 2008 Oct(163):25-9.
Aim of the research is analyze of changes of facial cranium bones morphometric parameters as a result of distal overbite orthodontic care. On the basis of examination of 214 head telerentgenogramms in lateral projections which where received before and after orthodontic care, facial cranium bones sizes where defined, that changed as overbite orthodontic treatment result with the account of main direction of bones' development. Analyzing angular linear sizes and their correlation in case of distal overbite, there were observed teeth position disorder, alveolar arches, jaw-bones and their characteristic sizes. Among patients with mixed overbite in the period of jaw-bones active grow the treatment was based on 2 phases - 1) earl orthodontic therapy with the use of "2*4" system with labial bumper in space of lower bone, 2) final phase was held with the help of straight wire technique. In the period of second teeth simultaneously with straight wire technique we used occlusive brackets fixed on upper incisor teeth palatal surface: among 28 patients we have fixed lingual brackets of "Ormco" production on upper incisors, among 79 patients we have stuck composite occlusive plates, intermandibular draft was used, which sponsored upper lower jaw-bones lateral teeth alveolar prolongation. While comparing results with deep distal overbite before and after orthodontic care, we were able to find out statistically guaranteed differences in following sizes; incisor overbite depth and sagittal fissure size, which corresponded to the norm after care. In the process of care advantageous alveolar compensation was fixed; facial esthetic and jaw-bones position was changing for the better. In case of horizontal and neutral types of jaw-bones growth the correction of incisor overbite depth happens on the account of alveolar height reduction in space of upper and lower jaw-bones incisors and that parameter increase in space of both jaw-bones lateral teeth. In case of vertical type of jaw growth alveolar shortening in space of upper jaw-bone was observed and in a less degree- of upper and lower jaw lateral teeth, and, also, of lower jaw incisors. Before and after orthodontic treatment the previous type of growth remained the same.
该研究的目的是分析远中覆牙合正畸治疗后面部颅骨骨骼形态测量参数的变化。基于对214张正畸治疗前后获得的头颅侧位X线片的检查，确定了面部颅骨骨骼的大小，这些大小随着覆牙合正畸治疗结果而改变，并考虑了骨骼发育的主要方向。分析远中覆牙合情况下的角度线性尺寸及其相关性，观察到牙齿位置紊乱、牙槽弓、颌骨及其特征尺寸。在颌骨活跃生长时期的混合覆牙合患者中，治疗基于两个阶段——1）早期正畸治疗，使用“2*4”系统并在下颌骨间隙使用唇挡，2）最后阶段借助直丝弓技术进行。在恒牙期，与直丝弓技术同时，我们在上颌切牙腭面使用了咬合托槽：在28例患者中，我们在上颌切牙上固定了“奥美科”生产的舌侧托槽，在79例患者中，我们粘贴了复合咬合板，使用了颌间牵引，这促进了上下颌骨外侧牙齿牙槽的延长。在比较正畸治疗前后深远中覆牙合的结果时，我们能够在以下尺寸上发现统计学上有保证的差异；切牙覆牙合深度和矢状缝大小，治疗后符合正常标准。在治疗过程中，有利的牙槽代偿得以固定；面部美观和颌骨位置得到改善。在水平和中性类型的颌骨生长情况下，切牙覆牙合深度的矫正通过上下颌骨切牙间隙牙槽高度的降低以及上下颌骨外侧牙齿间隙该参数的增加来实现。在垂直型颌骨生长情况下，观察到上颌骨间隙牙槽缩短，上下颌骨外侧牙齿以及下颌切牙的缩短程度较小。正畸治疗前后，先前的生长类型保持不变。
