Razumnikova O M, Vol'f N V, Tarasova I V
Zh Vyssh Nerv Deiat Im I P Pavlova. 2008 Sep-Oct;58(5):540-51.
Effect of extrinsic motivation stimulating the most original problem solving during verbal and figural creativity testing was studied using the EEG coherence in the range of 4-30 Hz. The right-handed university students (27 males and 26 females) participated in the experiments. The instruction "to create the most original solution" (INS2) as compared to the instruction "to create any solution" (INS1) produced an increase in baseline coherence and task-related desynchronization in the alphal2 bands. This effect was more pronounced in the anterior cortex. Changes in the beta2 rhythm were found mostly in the posterior cortex and were presented by a decreased task-induced beta2 synchronization after INS2 vs. INS1. Instruction-related coherence changes in the alphal band did not depend on factors of gender and task type, whereas the effects of these factors on the alpha2 and beta2 bands were significant. Gender differences in instruction-related coherence changes were found in the alpha2 band during verbal creativity testing, whereas figural creativity was associated with gender-dependent instruction-related changes in the beta2 band. These differences were more pronounced in the INS1 condition. The results demonstrate that extrinsic motivation of creative thinking promotes the frequency-specific reorganization of hemispheric interactions. High-frequency widespread cortical oscillations are of greater significance in men, whereas low-frequency rhythms and, mainly, functioning of the frontal cortex greatly contribute to creative activity in women.
利用4 - 30赫兹范围内的脑电图相干性，研究了外在动机在言语和图形创造力测试中激发最具原创性问题解决能力的效果。右利手大学生（27名男性和26名女性）参与了实验。与“创造任何解决方案”的指令（INS1）相比，“创造最具原创性的解决方案”的指令（INS2）使α2频段的基线相干性和任务相关去同步化增加。这种效应在前额叶皮层更为明显。β2节律的变化主要在后皮质发现，表现为INS2与INS1相比任务诱导的β2同步性降低。α1频段中与指令相关的相干性变化不依赖于性别和任务类型因素，而这些因素对α2和β2频段的影响是显著的。在言语创造力测试期间，α2频段中发现了与指令相关的相干性变化的性别差异，而图形创造力与β2频段中依赖性别的与指令相关的变化有关。这些差异在INS1条件下更为明显。结果表明，创造性思维的外在动机促进了半球间相互作用的频率特异性重组。高频广泛的皮层振荡对男性更为重要，而低频节律以及主要是额叶皮层的功能对女性的创造性活动有很大贡献。
