Csoma Zsanett, Erdei Zsuzsanna, Bartusek Dóra, Dósa-Rácz Eva, Dobozy Attila, Kemény Lajos, Oláh Judit
Szegedi Tudományegyetem, Borgyógyászati és Allergológiai Klinika, Szeged Korányi fasor 6. 6720.
Orv Hetil. 2008 Nov 16;149(46):2173-82. doi: 10.1556/OH.2008.28446.
Malignant melanoma is an increasing public health problem worldwide; accordingly, identification of the constitutional and environmental factors which contribute to the development of the disease, and hence identification of the individuals at high risk of melanoma, are indispensable steps in all primary prevention efforts.
The objective of the present study was to assess the prevalence of different pigmented lesions among schoolchildren, and to investigate their relationship with phenotypic pigmentary characteristics, sun exposure and other factors.
A cross-sectional study was performed in two secondary schools in Szeged, Hungary. A total of 1320 schoolchildren, aged 14 to 18 years, underwent a whole-body skin examination. A standardized questionnaire was used to collect data on phenotypic, sun exposure and other variables.
Between 1-10 common melanocytic naevi were found in 27% of the participants, and naevi numbers were in the range between 10-100 in 67%. 5.4% of them had more than 100 common melanocytic naevi. The prevalence of clinically atypical naevi was 24.3%. Congenital naevi were detected in 6.2% of the schoolchildren. A statistically significant association was found between the number of pigmented lesions and gender, hair colour, eye colour, skin phototype, the history of severe painful sunburns, and the family history of a large number of melanocytic naevi.
Our study population displayed a markedly high prevalence of clinically atypical melanocytic naevi. Moreover, a considerable proportion of the investigated individuals had multiple common melanocytic naevi. Since the presence of large number of melanocytic naevi is a strong predictor for future melanoma development, health educational programmes on melanoma prevention should be aimed at young age groups.
恶性黑色素瘤在全球范围内是一个日益严重的公共卫生问题；因此，确定导致该疾病发生的体质和环境因素，进而确定黑色素瘤高危个体，是所有一级预防工作中不可或缺的步骤。
本研究的目的是评估学龄儿童中不同色素沉着病变的患病率，并调查它们与表型色素沉着特征、日晒及其他因素的关系。
在匈牙利塞格德的两所中学进行了一项横断面研究。共有1320名14至18岁的学龄儿童接受了全身皮肤检查。使用标准化问卷收集关于表型、日晒及其他变量的数据。
27%的参与者有1至10个常见黑素细胞痣，67%的参与者痣数量在10至100个之间。其中5.4%有超过100个常见黑素细胞痣。临床非典型痣的患病率为24.3%。6.2%的学龄儿童检测出先天性痣。色素沉着病变的数量与性别、头发颜色、眼睛颜色、皮肤光类型、严重疼痛性晒伤史以及大量黑素细胞痣家族史之间存在统计学显著关联。
我们的研究人群显示临床非典型黑素细胞痣的患病率明显很高。此外，相当比例的受调查个体有多个常见黑素细胞痣。由于大量黑素细胞痣 的存在是未来发生黑色素瘤的有力预测指标，黑色素瘤预防健康教育项目应针对年轻人群体。
