Sugimoto Yumi, Furutani Sachiko, Itoh Atsuko, Tanahashi Takao, Nakajima Hiroshi, Oshiro Hideo, Sun Shujian, Yamada Jun
Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Yokohama College of Pharmacy, Totsuka-ku, Yokohama 245-0066, Japan.
Phytomedicine. 2008 Dec;15(12):1117-24. doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2008.09.005.
The effects of embryos of the seeds of Nelumbo nucifera on the central nervous system were studied in mice. MeOH extracts of embryos of Nelumbo nucifera seeds significantly inhibited locomotor activity in mice. The MeOH extract was successively partitioned between H(2)O and n-hexane, between H(2)O and CHCl(3), and between H(2)O and n-BuOH. CHCl(3) extracts strongly inhibited locomotor activity in mice, although other extracts had no effect on locomotor activity. The main alkaloid of CHCl(3) extracts, neferine, dose-dependently inhibited locomotor activity in mice. Neferine induced hypothermia in mice and apparently potentiated thiopental-induced sleeping time. An anxiolytic, diazepam, decreased locomotor activity, rectal temperature and enhanced sleep elicited by thiopental, similar to neferine. In addition, neferine and diazepam showed anti-anxiety effects in the elevated plus maze test. Neferine did not affect muscle coordination by the rota-rod test. Neferine did not affect strychnine- nor picrotoxin-induced seizure. In contrast, diazepam had apparent muscle relaxant and anti-convulsant effects. These results suggest that neferine has several central effects and that neferine may participate in the efficacy of the sedative effects of embryos of the seeds of Nelumbo nucifera. The mechanisms of the sedative effects of neferine are not similar to those of diazepam.
研究了莲种子胚对小鼠中枢神经系统的影响。莲种子胚的甲醇提取物显著抑制小鼠的自发活动。甲醇提取物依次用H₂O和正己烷、H₂O和CHCl₃、H₂O和正丁醇进行分配。CHCl₃提取物强烈抑制小鼠的自发活动，而其他提取物对自发活动无影响。CHCl₃提取物的主要生物碱莲心碱剂量依赖性地抑制小鼠的自发活动。莲心碱可使小鼠体温降低，并明显延长硫喷妥钠诱导的睡眠时间。一种抗焦虑药地西泮可降低自发活动、直肠温度，并增强硫喷妥钠诱导的睡眠，与莲心碱相似。此外，莲心碱和地西泮在高架十字迷宫试验中均显示出抗焦虑作用。莲心碱在转棒试验中不影响肌肉协调性。莲心碱不影响士的宁或印防己毒素诱导的惊厥。相反，地西泮具有明显的肌肉松弛和抗惊厥作用。这些结果表明莲心碱具有多种中枢作用，且莲心碱可能参与莲种子胚镇静作用的药效。莲心碱的镇静作用机制与地西泮不同。
