Hayter Mark, Harrison Christina
University of Sheffield - Nursing, Sheffield, UK.
J Clin Nurs. 2008 Nov;17(22):2963-71. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2008.02515.x.
This study aimed to explore gender differences in attitudes towards sexual relationships of adolescent attending nurse led sexual health clinics.
Nurse led sexual health clinics are at the forefront of promoting adolescent sexual health. To provide sensitive, effective and non-judgemental care, nurses need to understand the complexities of adolescent sexual behaviour and the social factors that influence sexual relationships. Design. A qualitative, exploratory research design was used.
Ten focus groups (five male and five female) involving sexual health clinic attendees aged between 14-16 years were conducted. Focus groups were asked to comment on four sexual relationship 'case studies'. Group discussions were recorded and transcribed. Data were subject to thematic analysis.
Three themes emerged from the data analysis. 'Empathy' reflected how young women were more likely to try to see their partner's point of view. 'Complexity' also reflected that young women were more aware of the complex nature of relationships than were the male participants. 'Language' related to how young males used aggressive language in the context of relationships - a feature absent from female participants' discourse.
Male and female attitudes clearly differ. Female responses are more complex and empathic because of the more complex nature of the social pressures that sexualise young women. Young males are not as subject to these social forces. Young men are socialized into behaviour that can place females under pressure to have sex - this pressure can include the use of alcohol. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTISE: Nurses working in sexual health should attempt to encourage empathic thinking in male clients. Females should be educated to deal with the social pressures they may face from their partners. Practitioners should also recognise the problematic role alcohol can play within sexual relationships.
本研究旨在探讨在由护士主导的性健康诊所就诊的青少年对性关系态度上的性别差异。
由护士主导的性健康诊所处于促进青少年性健康的前沿。为了提供贴心、有效且无偏见的护理，护士需要了解青少年性行为的复杂性以及影响性关系的社会因素。设计：采用定性的探索性研究设计。
对10个焦点小组（5个男性小组和5个女性小组）进行了研究，小组成员为年龄在14至16岁之间的性健康诊所就诊者。焦点小组被要求对4个性关系“案例研究”发表评论。小组讨论进行了录音和转录。数据进行了主题分析。
数据分析得出了三个主题。“同理心”反映出年轻女性更倾向于尝试理解伴侣的观点。“复杂性”也反映出年轻女性比男性参与者更能意识到关系的复杂本质。“语言”涉及年轻男性在关系中如何使用攻击性语言——这是女性参与者话语中所没有的特征。
男性和女性的态度明显不同。由于使年轻女性性化的社会压力具有更复杂的本质，女性的反应更为复杂且富有同理心。年轻男性没有受到这些社会力量的影响。年轻男性被社会化成会给女性施加性行为压力的行为模式——这种压力可能包括饮酒。与临床实践的相关性：在性健康领域工作的护士应尝试鼓励男性患者进行同理心思考。应教育女性应对她们可能来自伴侣的社会压力。从业者还应认识到酒精在性关系中可能起到的问题性作用。
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