Hibbard Paul B
School of Psychology, University of St Andrews, St Mary's College, South Street, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9JP, UK.
Spat Vis. 2008;21(6):549-59. doi: 10.1163/156856808786451444.
Psychophysical experiments have demonstrated that visual information is used to construct a number of representations of the three-dimensional structure of our environment, and may be used in a variety of specific ways in order to perform perceptual tasks and to control our actions. There remain however important unanswered questions about the nature of these representations and their relationship to perceptual experience. The first question relates to the nature of the representation of depth. While there is broad agreement that multiple representations are involved, there is some disagreement about the exact nature and relationship between these representations. The second question to be asked is how these representations relate to our perceptual experience. While it has been suggested that experience is associated with activity in the ventral visual pathway, it is argued here that its characteristics are in many ways more closely aligned with those suggested for processing in the dorsal pathway. The final question addressed is whether there exist qualitative differences between monocular and binocular visual processing. It is argued that, while there appear to be no fundamental geometrical differences between monocular and binocular vision, it is possible that binocular vision may possess a quality or vividness that does not supervene on such geometrical properties. By allowing us to pose specific questions of this sort, it is proposed that the study of binocular vision can provide valuable insights regarding representationalist views of visual experience.
心理物理学实验表明，视觉信息被用于构建我们周围环境三维结构的多种表征，并且可以以各种特定方式用于执行感知任务和控制我们的行动。然而，关于这些表征的本质以及它们与感知体验的关系，仍然存在一些重要的未解决问题。第一个问题涉及深度表征的本质。虽然人们普遍认为涉及多种表征，但对于这些表征的确切本质和相互关系存在一些分歧。要问的第二个问题是这些表征如何与我们的感知体验相关。虽然有人认为体验与腹侧视觉通路的活动有关，但这里认为，其特征在许多方面与背侧通路中处理所建议的特征更为一致。最后要解决的问题是单眼视觉和双眼视觉处理之间是否存在质的差异。有人认为，虽然单眼视觉和双眼视觉之间似乎没有根本的几何差异，但双眼视觉可能具有一种并非基于此类几何属性的特质或生动性。通过让我们提出这类具体问题，有人提出，双眼视觉的研究可以为视觉体验的表征主义观点提供有价值的见解。
