Hua-Van Aurélie, Capy Pierre
Laboratoire Evolution, Génomes et Spéciation UPR9034, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
J Mol Evol. 2008 Dec;67(6):670-81. doi: 10.1007/s00239-008-9178-1.
The eukaryotic Mutator family of transposable elements is widespread in plants. Active or potentially active copies are also found in fungi and protozoans, and sequences related to this family have been detected in metazoans as well. Members of this family are called Mutator-like elements (MULEs). They encode transposases, which contain a region conserved with transposases of the IS256 prokaryotic family, known to harbor a DDE catalytic domain. Different DDE or D34E motifs have been proposed in some groups of eukaryotic MULEs based on primary sequence conservation. On a large number of protein sequences related to, and representative of, all MULE families, we analyzed global conservation, the close environment of different acidic residues and the secondary structure. This allowed us to identify a potential DDE motif that is likely to be homologous to the one in IS256-like transposases. The characteristics of this motif are depicted in each known family of MULEs. Different hypotheses about the evolution of this triad are discussed.
真核生物转座因子的Mutator家族在植物中广泛存在。在真菌和原生动物中也发现了活跃的或潜在活跃的拷贝,并且在后生动物中也检测到了与该家族相关的序列。这个家族的成员被称为类Mutator元件(MULEs)。它们编码转座酶,这些转座酶含有一个与IS256原核生物家族转座酶保守的区域,已知该区域含有一个DDE催化结构域。基于一级序列保守性,在一些真核生物MULEs组中提出了不同的DDE或D34E基序。在大量与所有MULE家族相关且具有代表性的蛋白质序列上,我们分析了全局保守性、不同酸性残基的紧邻环境以及二级结构。这使我们能够鉴定出一个潜在的DDE基序,它可能与IS256样转座酶中的基序同源。这个基序的特征在每个已知的MULE家族中都有描述。讨论了关于这个三联体进化的不同假说。