Matten M R, Sliepcevich E M, Sarvela P D, Lacey E P, Woehlke P L, Richardson C E, Wright W R
Southern Illinois University, Carbondale.
Public Health Rep. 1991 Mar-Apr;106(2):155-66.
The acute shortage of human organs and tissues for transplantation has been attributed in part to health professionals, including nurses, for their reluctance to recognize and refer suitable candidates for donation. In 1988, nurses' knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs regarding organ and tissue donation and transplantation were assessed using a 70-item questionnaire. Respondents included 1,683 nurses employed in 62 rural and urban hospitals in the Midwest. Only 365 respondents (21.7 percent) reported having requested tissue donations and 243 (14.4 percent) reported having requested organ donations. However, of those who requested tissue or organ donations, 270 (74 percent) obtained consents for tissues and 150 (61.7 percent) obtained consent for organ donations. Respondents were knowledgeable about organ and tissue donation (mean score of 7.5 on a 0 to 10 knowledge scale with 10 as highest) and reported attitudes and beliefs were moderately positive. Factors that were significantly correlated with the number of requests made for organs and tissues and the number of consents obtained included nurses' knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about donation; nurses' perception of their own confidence in their ability to request tissues and organs; being a supervisor; and working in an emergency department.
人体器官和组织移植的严重短缺，部分原因归咎于包括护士在内的医疗专业人员，他们不愿识别并推荐合适的捐赠候选人。1988年，通过一份包含70个条目的问卷，对护士关于器官和组织捐赠及移植的知识、态度和信念进行了评估。受访者包括中西部62家城乡医院的1683名护士。只有365名受访者（21.7%）报告曾请求进行组织捐赠，243名（14.4%）报告曾请求进行器官捐赠。然而，在那些请求进行组织或器官捐赠的人中，270人（74%）获得了组织捐赠同意书，150人（61.7%）获得了器官捐赠同意书。受访者对器官和组织捐赠有一定了解（在0至10的知识量表上平均得分为7.5分，10分为最高分），且报告的态度和信念较为积极。与器官和组织捐赠请求数量以及获得的同意数量显著相关的因素包括护士对捐赠的知识、态度和信念；护士对自己请求组织和器官能力的信心认知；担任主管；以及在急诊科工作。
