Andratschke M, Betz C, Leunig A
Abteilung für Hals-, Nasen- und Ohrenheilkunde, Klinikum Dachau, Dachau, Germany.
HNO. 2008 Dec;56(12):1190-6. doi: 10.1007/s00106-008-1711-4.
Papillomas are rare tumors that originate from the mucosa. They may appear in the nose, paranasal sinuses, oral cavity, larynx, trachea, or the skin. Papillomas are mainly asymptomatic and are therefore mostly diagnosed coincidentally. In contrast, laryngeal papillomatosis may cause stridor, dyspnoea, and hoarseness. A viral cause of the disease seems likely, especially human papilloma virus. Mechanical irritation is also a possible reason when the nose, oral cavity, or oropharynx is affected. All papillomas, independent of their origin, may recur, and have the possibility of malignant degeneration in common. The therapy of choice is complete surgical excision. Regarding laryngeal papillomatosis, laser vaporisation or excision using the CO(2)laser is recommended. Because retreatments using conventional modalities are frequently necessary, especially in the case of laryngeal papillomatosis, adjuvant therapies are applied with the aim of reducing the recurrence rate and prolonging the interval between treatments.
乳头状瘤是起源于黏膜的罕见肿瘤。它们可能出现在鼻子、鼻窦、口腔、喉部、气管或皮肤。乳头状瘤主要无症状,因此大多是偶然诊断出来的。相比之下,喉乳头状瘤病可能导致喘鸣、呼吸困难和声音嘶哑。该疾病似乎很可能由病毒引起,尤其是人乳头瘤病毒。当鼻子、口腔或口咽受到影响时,机械刺激也是一个可能的原因。所有乳头状瘤,无论其起源如何,都可能复发,并且都有恶变的可能性。首选治疗方法是完全手术切除。对于喉乳头状瘤病,建议使用二氧化碳激光进行激光汽化或切除。由于经常需要使用传统方法进行再次治疗,尤其是在喉乳头状瘤病的情况下,因此采用辅助治疗以降低复发率并延长治疗间隔时间。