Zimmer S, Bizhang M, Barthel C, Raab W H-M
Universität Witten/Herdecke Abteilung für Zahnerhaltung und Präventive Zahnmedizin, Witten.
Gesundheitswesen. 2008 Nov;70(11):702-6. doi: 10.1055/s-0028-1100406. Epub 2008 Nov 27.
The recent representative survey has proven once more that people in Germany are affected by caries to a very different extent. Since caries can be prevented by risk-adjusted preventive programs, it would be helpful to have a possibility to determine the individual caries risk before cavities occur. Determination of a relative risk, risk screening and risk diagnosis are different levels of caries risk assessment. The present article provides information about which caries risk assessment options are available for different populations. A relative risk can be determined by the detection of Mutants Streptococci in caries-free 2-5-year-old children. With Dentoprog, a valid instrument for caries risk screening is available for 6-12-year-old school children. With respect to all other patients, a quantitative risk diagnosis can be roughly performed using the Cariogram which is based on the assessment of multiple risk parameters. The conclusion is that several options for caries risk assessment for different age groups are available. Nevertheless, there is no solution to how often a patient should appear for prevention in a dental office nor which preventive measures have to be taken to keep him/her healthy. Therefore it seems reasonable to roughly determine the recall frequency on the basis of the respective risk assessment and to adjust this frequency over time after the evaluation of disease progression.
最近的代表性调查再次证明，德国民众受龋齿影响的程度差异很大。由于通过风险调整后的预防计划可以预防龋齿，因此在龋齿出现之前能够确定个体的龋齿风险将很有帮助。相对风险的确定、风险筛查和风险诊断是龋齿风险评估的不同层面。本文提供了有关不同人群可采用哪些龋齿风险评估方法的信息。通过检测无龋齿的2至5岁儿童中的变形链球菌可确定相对风险。对于6至12岁的学童，有“Dentoprog”这种有效的龋齿风险筛查工具。对于所有其他患者，可使用基于多个风险参数评估的“龋齿预测图”大致进行定量风险诊断。结论是，针对不同年龄组有多种龋齿风险评估方法。然而，对于患者应多久去牙科诊所进行一次预防以及必须采取哪些预防措施来保持其健康，尚无解决方案。因此，根据各自的风险评估大致确定复诊频率，并在评估疾病进展后随时间调整该频率似乎是合理的。
