Xing Mingzhao
Department of Medicine and Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 2008 Dec;41(6):1135-46, ix. doi: 10.1016/j.otc.2008.07.001.
Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy. With a rapidly rising incidence in recent years, novel efficient management strategies are increasingly needed for this cancer. Remarkable advances have occurred in understanding several major biologic areas of thyroid cancer, including the molecular alterations for the loss of radioiodine avidity of thyroid cancer, the pathogenic role of the MAP kinase and PI3K/Akt pathways and their related genetic alterations, and the aberrant methylation of functionally important genes in thyroid tumorigenesis and pathogenesis. These exciting advances provide unprecedented opportunities for the development of molecular-based novel diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic strategies for thyroid cancer.
甲状腺癌是最常见的内分泌恶性肿瘤。近年来其发病率迅速上升，因此越来越需要针对这种癌症的新型有效管理策略。在理解甲状腺癌的几个主要生物学领域方面已经取得了显著进展，包括甲状腺癌碘摄取能力丧失的分子改变、MAP激酶和PI3K/Akt信号通路的致病作用及其相关基因改变，以及甲状腺肿瘤发生和发病机制中功能重要基因的异常甲基化。这些令人振奋的进展为开发基于分子的甲状腺癌新型诊断、预后和治疗策略提供了前所未有的机会。
