Suzuki Manabu, Hojo Masaaki, Kobayashi Nobuyuki, Shinohara Yuka, Takasaki Jin, Yoshizawa Atsuto, Sugiyama Haruhito, Kudo Koichiro, Toyota Emiko
Department of Respiratory Medicine, International Medical Center of Japan, 1-21-1, Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8655 Japan.
Kekkaku. 2008 Oct;83(10):661-6.
Although the incidence rate in Japan has been decreasing since the declaration of tuberculosis emergency in 1999, the reported tuberculosis cases among foreigners have been increasing year by year (from 5.1% in 2000 to 6% in 2003). As the number of foreign residents in Japan has been increasing every year, tuberculosis cases among them are also expected to increase.
The aim of this study is to investigate and clarify clinical features of recent tuberculosis patients among foreigners.
Fifty-two cases were analyzed, who were admitted to our hospital because of active tuberculosis from January 2004 to April 2007.
Among total 52 cases, male was 29, female 23, and the mean age (SD) of the patients was 31.8 (+/- 8.8) years old. Their mother countries were China, Republic of Korea and so on. The cavitary lesions were found on chest X-ray in 54%, the drug resistant rate was 8.2%, and the treatment completion rate was 92%.
DISCUSSION & CONCLUSION: Comparing with reports in the past, almost parameters about tuberculosis control have improved, for example the drug resistant rate was decreased and the treatment completion rate was increased. The promotion of DOTS strategy in Japan might be attributed to the improvement of these parameters. Because more immigrants from the developing countries are expected in near future, not only strengthening current DOTS strategy but also new countermeasures such as QFT-2G and Electronic-Nose Technology should be introduced into tuberculosis control of foreigners living in Japan to decrease tuberculosis incidence and improve treatment outcome by early detection and adherence to treatment.
自1999年宣布结核病紧急状态以来，日本的发病率一直在下降，但报告的外国结核病病例却逐年增加（从2000年的5.1%增至2003年的6%）。由于在日本的外国居民数量逐年增加，预计其中的结核病病例也会增多。
本研究旨在调查并阐明近期外国结核病患者的临床特征。
分析了2004年1月至2007年4月因活动性结核病入住我院的52例患者。
52例患者中，男性29例，女性23例，患者的平均年龄（标准差）为31.8（±8.8）岁。他们的祖国为中国、韩国等。胸部X线检查发现空洞性病变的占54%，耐药率为8.2%，治疗完成率为92%。
与过去的报告相比，结核病控制的几乎所有参数都有所改善，例如耐药率下降，治疗完成率提高。日本推广直接观察短程疗法策略可能是这些参数改善的原因。由于预计在不久的将来会有更多来自发展中国家的移民，因此不仅应加强当前的直接观察短程疗法策略，还应将诸如QFT-2G和电子鼻技术等新对策引入在日本居住的外国人的结核病控制中，以通过早期发现和坚持治疗来降低结核病发病率并改善治疗效果。
