Boehnke Susan E, Munoz Douglas P
Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2008 Dec;18(6):544-51. doi: 10.1016/j.conb.2008.11.004. Epub 2008 Dec 6.
A salient event in the environment can initiate a complex orienting response that includes a shift in gaze. The midbrain superior colliculus (SC) contains the appropriate circuitry to generate and distribute a signal of the priority of this event, and co-ordinate the orienting response. The magnitude and timing of the short-latency transient visual response in the SC, when combined with cortical inputs signaling stimulus relevance and expectation, influences the type and latency of the orienting response. This signal in the SC is distributed to higher cortical areas to influence visual processing, to the reinforcement learning system to influence future actions, and to premotor circuits, including neck and shoulder muscles, to influence immediate action.
环境中的一个显著事件可以引发一种复杂的定向反应，其中包括目光转移。中脑上丘（SC）包含产生和分配该事件优先级信号并协调定向反应的适当神经回路。当与传达刺激相关性和预期的皮质输入相结合时，上丘中短潜伏期瞬态视觉反应的幅度和时间会影响定向反应的类型和潜伏期。上丘中的这个信号会被传递到更高的皮质区域以影响视觉处理，传递到强化学习系统以影响未来行动，并传递到运动前回路，包括颈部和肩部肌肉，以影响即时行动。
