Calvo M V, Pérez Encinas M, Nieto F, Domínguez Moronta F, Muñoz A
Servicio de Farmacia, Complejo Hospitalario, Salamanca.
Nutr Hosp. 1991 Mar-Apr;6(2):87-93.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a Nutritional Support Team (NST) in the control and follow-up of enteral nutrition (EN) in patients subjected to laryngectomy as a result of neoplasia. The study was performed on two groups of patients (A and B) who had been admitted into the Otorhinolaryngological Department, and who required EN by nasogastric tube during the postoperative period. Group A consisted of 20 patients in whom EN was based on standard guidelines, with a daily intake of 11.1 g of Nitrogen and 2.000 kcals. Group B included 23 patients who received EN individually, using NST with a daily intake of Nitrogen of between 8 and 21 g, and energy intake of between 2.000 and 3.000 kcals. The total cost of nutrition was calculated using the following partial costs: diet, administration, laboratory analysis and NST head responsible for follow-up of Group B. Individualized EN was more effective in nutritional terms than a standard diet in all patients. Using this form of treatment, positive Nitrogen balance were achieved, levels of seric albumin were maintained as well as weight, and complications were reduced. The average cost of nutrition per patient in Group B was 46.258 pesetas and in Group A, 43.963 pesetas. However, in the latter Group, there was an average additional weight loss of 4 kg per patient, and an increase in cost effectiveness ratio of 573 pesetas in weight gained in Group B compared to Group A.
本研究的目的是评估营养支持团队（NST）在因肿瘤接受喉切除术患者的肠内营养（EN）控制和随访中的有效性。该研究对两组患者（A组和B组）进行，这两组患者均入住耳鼻喉科，术后需要通过鼻胃管进行EN。A组由20名患者组成，其EN基于标准指南，每日氮摄入量为11.1克，能量摄入量为2000千卡。B组包括23名患者，他们接受NST个体化EN，每日氮摄入量在8至21克之间，能量摄入量在2000至3000千卡之间。使用以下分项成本计算营养总成本：饮食、给药、实验室分析以及负责B组随访的NST负责人。在营养方面，个体化EN对所有患者而言比标准饮食更有效。采用这种治疗方式，实现了正氮平衡，维持了血清白蛋白水平、体重，并减少了并发症。B组每位患者的平均营养成本为46258比塞塔，A组为43963比塞塔。然而，在A组中，每位患者平均额外减重4千克，与A组相比，B组每增加一千克体重的成本效益比增加573比塞塔。
