Gershon Robyn R M, Pearson Julie M, Nandi Vijay, Vlahov David, Bucciarelli-Prann Angela, Tracy Melissa, Tardiff Kenneth, Galea Sandro
Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
J Safety Res. 2008;39(6):583-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jsr.2008.10.004. Epub 2008 Nov 14.
Subway transit is a relatively safe mode of transportation, yet compared to all other forms of mass transit in the United States (U.S.), subways have the highest fatality rate. The aim of this paper is to characterize subway-related fatalities in order to identify opportunities for risk reduction.
Medical examiner records for all New York City (NYC) subway-related deaths (1990-2003) were reviewed. Data were abstracted on decedents' demographics and autopsy findings, including laboratory findings.
There were 668 subway-related fatalities, of these, 10 (1.5%) were homicides, 343 (51.3%) were determined to be suicides, and 315 (47.2%) were accidental. Although decedent characteristics varied between fatality categories, they were not particularly informative with regard to prevention.
Prevention strategies that focus on structural controls are likely to be most efficacious in improving the overall safety of the NYC subway systems.
These findings suggest that structural rather than individual-level interventions would be most successful in preventing subway fatalities.
地铁交通是一种相对安全的交通方式，然而与美国所有其他形式的公共交通相比，地铁的死亡率最高。本文旨在描述与地铁相关的死亡情况，以确定降低风险的机会。
回顾了纽约市所有与地铁相关死亡（1990 - 2003年）的法医记录。提取了死者的人口统计学数据和尸检结果，包括实验室检查结果。
共有668例与地铁相关的死亡，其中10例（1.5%）为他杀，343例（51.3%）被判定为自杀，315例（47.2%）为意外事故。尽管死者特征在不同死亡类别之间有所不同，但对于预防而言，这些特征并没有特别大的参考价值。
侧重于结构控制的预防策略可能在提高纽约市地铁系统的整体安全性方面最为有效。
这些发现表明，结构性而非个人层面的干预措施在预防地铁死亡方面最为成功。
