Janicak Christopher A
Indiana University of Pennsylvania, Department of Safety Sciences, 136 Johnson Hall, Indiana, PA 15705, USA.
J Safety Res. 2008;39(6):617-21. doi: 10.1016/j.jsr.2008.10.007. Epub 2008 Nov 21.
Occupational fatalities due to contact with electricity account for approximately 9% of all deaths in the construction industry and is the fourth leading cause of death in this industry.
Differences in the proportions of electrocutions in the construction industry are significantly different from other industries based upon the age of the worker and the source of the electricity.
This study found that, in the construction industry, the proportion of occupational fatalities due to contact with electric current is significantly higher for workers in the 16 to 19 years old age group. Contact with overhead power lines occurred more frequently with younger workers, while contact with electric wiring, transformers, and related equipment was found to occur more frequently with older workers. The proportion of fatalities due to this event was also found to account for a significantly greater proportion of fatalities in the construction industry overall.
The proportions of electrocution fatalities in the construction industry were found to be significantly higher for younger workers when compared to all other industries. Focusing prevention measures toward younger workers who work near overhead power lines could have a significant impact upon death rates. For older workers, the focus should be on those who work on or near transformers, electrical wiring, and components. Across the construction industry, implementation of effective lockout-tagout programs, and verification of energy isolation, can prevent approximately 125 fatalities per year in the construction industry.
在建筑业中，因触电导致的职业死亡人数约占该行业所有死亡人数的9%，是该行业第四大主要死因。
根据工人年龄和电力来源，建筑业触电事故比例与其他行业存在显著差异。
本研究发现，在建筑业中，16至19岁年龄组的工人因接触电流导致的职业死亡比例显著更高。年轻工人与架空电力线路接触更为频繁，而年长工人与电线、变压器及相关设备接触更为频繁。该事件导致的死亡人数在建筑业总体死亡人数中所占比例也显著更大。
与所有其他行业相比，建筑业中年轻工人触电死亡的比例显著更高。将预防措施重点针对在架空电力线路附近工作的年轻工人，可能会对死亡率产生重大影响。对于年长工人，重点应放在那些在变压器、电气线路和部件上或附近工作的人身上。在整个建筑业中，实施有效的锁定挂牌程序以及验证能量隔离，每年可预防建筑业中约125起死亡事故。
