Bouter K P, Diepersloot R J, van Romunde L K, Uitslager R, Masurel N, Hoekstra J B, Erkelens D W
Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 1991 Apr;12(1):61-8. doi: 10.1016/0168-8227(91)90131-v.
The influence of epidemic influenza on hospitalizations because of influenza, pneumonia and diabetic acidosis in patients with diabetes mellitus was investigated. Data on the weekly incidence of influenza-like illness were obtained from the Continuous Morbidity Registration and the cumulative data on hospitalizations in short-stay hospitals were obtained from the National Medical Registration. Patients with duodenal ulcer were used as a control population. Epidemic elevations of influenza infections were observed in 1976 and 1978. The estimated relative risk for hospitalization because of influenza infection was 1.1 and 1.0 for the two non-epidemic years 1977 and 1979, respectively. For the epidemic years 1976 and 1978 this risk was calculated to be 5.7 and 6.2, respectively. An increased relative risk was also noted for pneumonia; being 25.6 for both epidemic years. The estimated relative risk of dying during hospitalization rose from 30.9 in 1977 to 91.8 in 1978. The number of hospitalizations for ketoacidosis was 50% higher in 1978 than in the other three years. During the epidemic years, 25.7% of patients hospitalized for pneumonia died, while this percentage was 14.6% in the non-epidemic years (P less than 0.05). Differences in mortality due to diabetic acidosis were similar: 25.4% in epidemic and 14.7% in non-epidemic years (P less than 0.01). During the 1978 epidemic, one out of every 1300 patients with diabetes mellitus was hospitalized because of pneumonia. It is estimated that 1 of every 260 patients with IDDM was hospitalized for diabetic acidosis. It is concluded that patients with diabetes mellitus have indeed a very high influenza-associated morbidity.
研究了流行性感冒对糖尿病患者因流感、肺炎和糖尿病酸中毒而住院情况的影响。流感样疾病的每周发病率数据来自连续发病登记处，短期住院医院的住院累积数据来自国家医疗登记处。十二指肠溃疡患者作为对照人群。在1976年和1978年观察到流感感染的流行高峰。1977年和1979年这两个非流行年份，因流感感染住院的估计相对风险分别为1.1和1.0。1976年和1978年这两个流行年份，该风险经计算分别为5.7和6.2。肺炎的相对风险也有所增加；两个流行年份均为25.6。住院期间死亡的估计相对风险从1977年的30.9升至1978年的91.8。1978年酮症酸中毒的住院人数比其他三年高出50%。在流行年份，因肺炎住院的患者中有25.7%死亡，而非流行年份这一比例为14.6%（P<0.05）。糖尿病酸中毒导致的死亡率差异类似：流行年份为25.4%，非流行年份为14.7%（P<0.01）。在1978年的流行期间，每1300名糖尿病患者中有1人因肺炎住院。据估计，每260名胰岛素依赖型糖尿病患者中有1人因糖尿病酸中毒住院。结论是糖尿病患者确实有非常高的与流感相关的发病率。
