Zhang Jing, Wang Shu-qiu, Xie Yan, Wang Xing-fu, Sheng Xiang-jun, Chen Ji-ping
Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2008 Sep;29(9):2413-8.
The concentrations of 7 heavy metals (Ni, Cu, Cr, Pb, Cd, As, Hg) and organic matters in the surface sediments of Liao River were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) and atomic fluorescence spectrometry (AFS), and sediments pollution assessment was carried out using geoaccumulation index. Moreover, the sources of heavy metal contamination were estimated with the principal component analysis (PCA). The results demonstrate that the heavy metal concentrations of Liao River are markedly higher than that of Liao River in 1998 and lay at medium level compared with other rivers in China. The average concentrations (mg/kg) obtained were: Ni 26.5 mg x kg(-1), Cu 37.9 mg x kg(-1), Cr 90.3 mg x kg(-1), Pb 32.9 mg x kg(-1), Cd 0.49 mg x kg(-1), As 12.3 mg x kg(-1), Hg 0.14 mg x kg(-1). The results of geoaccumulation index reveal that sediments of Liao River are uncontaminated with Ni, As, lightly contaminated with Cu, Cr, Pb and moderately contaminated with Cd, Hg. The order of the analyzed heavy metals, arranged from the highest to lowest pollution degree, is as follows Cd > Hg > Cu > Cr > Pb > As > Ni. By estimating the sources of heavy metal contamination with the Principal component analysis (PCA), it was found that the first two components account for 58.74% and 17.18% of the total variance, respectively. The industrial and living wastewater, degradation of organic matter atmospheric precipitation and geochemical changes are the main sources of heavy metal contamination.
采用原子吸收光谱法（AAS）和原子荧光光谱法（AFS）测定了辽河流域表层沉积物中7种重金属（镍、铜、铬、铅、镉、砷、汞）和有机物的含量，并运用地累积指数法对沉积物污染状况进行了评价。此外，通过主成分分析（PCA）估算了重金属污染的来源。结果表明，辽河重金属含量显著高于1998年，与国内其他河流相比处于中等水平。所测得的平均含量（mg/kg）分别为：镍26.5mg·kg⁻¹、铜37.9mg·kg⁻¹、铬90.3mg·kg⁻¹、铅32.9mg·kg⁻¹、镉0.49mg·kg⁻¹、砷12.3mg·kg⁻¹、汞0.14mg·kg⁻¹。地累积指数结果显示，辽河沉积物中镍、砷未受污染，铜、铬、铅轻度污染，镉、汞中度污染。所分析的重金属污染程度由高到低的顺序为：镉＞汞＞铜＞铬＞铅＞砷＞镍。通过主成分分析（PCA）估算重金属污染来源发现，前两个主成分分别占总方差的58.74%和17.18%。工业和生活废水、有机物降解、大气降水和地球化学变化是重金属污染的主要来源。
