Mokhtassi-Bidgoli A, Akbari Gh Al, Mirhadi M J, Pazoki A R, Soufizadeh S
Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Science and Research Campus (Branch), Islamic Azad University, Hesarak Road, Ashrafi Esfahani Blvd., P.O. Box 14515/75, Post Code 14778, Tehran, Iran.
Pak J Biol Sci. 2007 May 1;10(9):1406-13. doi: 10.3923/pjbs.2007.1406.1413.
In order to assess the genotypic variation among yield components and different physiological parameters and their relationships with safflower seed yield, six safflower genotypes were grown in Pakdasht, Iran in a randomized complete block design with four replications, during 2003-2004 growing season. Among the genotypes, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, chlorophyll a+b, total carotenoids contents, chlorophyll a/chlorophyll b ratio and Chlorophyll a+b/total cartenoids ratio ranged from 0.78 to 1.10, from 0.54 to 0.71, from 1.37 to 1.71, from 0.09 to 0.13 mg g(-1), from 1.33 to 1.68 and from 13.52 to 14.82, respectively. Negative relationships existed between seed yield and pigment contents. There were significant yield differences among genotypes and varied from 2452.60 to 3897.20 kg ha(-1). A diverse range of capitulum diameter (24.08-28.91 mm), seed weight/capitulum (1.18-2.04 g), number of seeds/m2 (8704.5-13165.4), number of capitula/plant (16.38-23.27), number of seeds/capitulum (35.65-41.90) and 1000-seed weight (29.94-50.60 g) was recorded. Genotypes differed in HI and the HI values ranged from 21.83% (LRK-262) to 29.62% (IL.111). In the studied set of 6 safflower genotypes, total biomass and LAI peaked around after full flowering and at the beginning of flowering, respectively. Zarghan-279 (with the greatest LAID) had 25% longer LAID than LRV.51.51 (with the lowest LAID). Differences among genotypes for rate of seed filling and effective seed filling duration were significant and differences in seed yield could be attributed to differences in the rate of seed filling. The results of this experiment indicate that physiological parameters including rate of seed filling, rapid leaf formation and expansion and delayed plant senescence are the characteristics of high-yielding safflower. Also, higher dry matter accumulation, HI, seed weight/capitulum, 1000-seed weight and capitulum diameter were found to be closely related to high-yield genotypes.
为了评估产量构成因素和不同生理参数之间的基因型变异及其与红花种子产量的关系，2003 - 2004年生长季期间，在伊朗帕克达什采用随机完全区组设计、4次重复种植了6个红花基因型。在这些基因型中，叶绿素a、叶绿素b、叶绿素a + b、总类胡萝卜素含量、叶绿素a/叶绿素b比值以及叶绿素a + b/总类胡萝卜素比值分别在0.78至1.10、0.54至0.71、1.37至1.71、0.09至0.13 mg g(-1)、1.33至1.68以及13.52至14.82之间。种子产量与色素含量之间存在负相关关系。基因型间产量存在显著差异，范围在2452.60至3897.20 kg ha(-1)之间。记录到了不同基因型间多样的头状花序直径（24.08 - 28.91 mm）、每头状花序种子重量（1.18 - 2.04 g）、每平方米种子数（8704.5 - 13165.4）、每株头状花序数（16.38 - 23.27）、每头状花序种子数（35.65 - 41.90）以及千粒重（29.94 - 50.60 g）。基因型间收获指数（HI）不同，HI值范围从21.83%（LRK - 262）到29.62%（IL.111）。在所研究的6个红花基因型中，总生物量和叶面积指数（LAI）分别在盛花后和开花初期达到峰值。扎尔甘 - 279（具有最大的LAID）的LAID比LRV.51.51（具有最低的LAID）长25%。基因型间种子充实速率和有效种子充实持续时间存在显著差异，种子产量的差异可归因于种子充实速率的差异。本实验结果表明，包括种子充实速率、叶片快速形成和扩展以及植株衰老延迟等生理参数是高产红花的特征。此外，较高的干物质积累、收获指数、每头状花序种子重量、千粒重和头状花序直径与高产基因型密切相关。
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