Research Institute of Sciences & Engineering, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
Crop Diversification and Genetic Improvement Section, International Center for Biosaline Agriculture (ICBA), P.O. Box 14660, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2018 Aug;25(24):23685-23694. doi: 10.1007/s11356-018-2442-z. Epub 2018 Jun 5.
Salinity is one of the major factors contributing in land degradation, disturbance of soil biology, a structure that leads to unproductive land with low crop yield potential especially in arid and semiarid regions of the world. Appropriate crops with sufficient stress tolerance capacity and non-conventional water resources should have to be managed in a sustainable way to bring these marginal lands under cultivation for future food security. The goal of the present study was to evaluate salinity tolerant potential (0, 7, and 14 dS m) of six safflower genotypes that can be adapted to the hyper arid climate of UAE and its marginal soil. Several agro-morphological and physiological traits such as plant dry biomass (PDM), number of branches (BN), number of capitula (CN), seed yield (SY), stable isotope composition of nitrogen (δN) and carbon (δC), intercellular CO concentration from inside to ambient air (Ci/Ca), intrinsic water use efficiency (iWUE), carbon (C%) and nitrogen (N %), and harvest index (HI) were evaluated as indicative of the functional performance of safflower genotypes under salt stress. Results indicated that salinity significantly affected the seed yield at all levels and varied significantly among genotypes. The BN, PDM, CN, and δC attributes showed clear differentiation between tolerant and susceptible genotypes. The δC results indicate that the tolerant genotypes suffer less from stress, may be due to better rooting. Tolerant genotypes showed lower iWUE values but possess higher yield. Safflower genotypes (PI248836 and PI167390) proved to be salt tolerant, stable, and higher seed and biomass yielder. There was no G × E interaction but the genotypes that produce higher yield under control were still best even under salt stress conditions. Although salinity reduced crop yield, some tolerant genotypes demonstrate adaptation and good yield potential under saline marginal environment.
盐度是导致土地退化、土壤生物扰动的主要因素之一，这导致土地生产力下降，尤其是在世界干旱和半干旱地区。需要以可持续的方式管理具有足够胁迫耐受能力的适宜作物和非传统水资源，以便将这些边缘土地用于未来的粮食安全。本研究的目的是评估 6 种红花基因型在耐盐性方面的潜力（0、7 和 14 dS m），这些基因型可以适应阿联酋的极端干旱气候及其边缘土壤。几个农艺形态和生理特性，如植物干生物量（PDM）、分枝数（BN）、头状花序数（CN）、种子产量（SY）、氮稳定同位素组成（δN）和碳（δC）、从内部到环境空气的胞间 CO2 浓度（Ci/Ca）、内在水分利用效率（iWUE）、碳（C%）和氮（N%）以及收获指数（HI），被评估为红花基因型在盐胁迫下功能表现的指示。结果表明，盐度对所有水平的种子产量都有显著影响，并且在基因型之间差异显著。BN、PDM、CN 和 δC 特性在耐盐和敏感基因型之间表现出明显的分化。δC 结果表明，耐盐基因型受胁迫的影响较小，可能是由于根系更好。耐盐基因型表现出较低的 iWUE 值，但产量较高。PI248836 和 PI167390 两种红花基因型被证明具有耐盐性、稳定性和更高的种子和生物量产量。虽然盐度降低了作物产量，但一些耐盐基因型在盐渍边缘环境下表现出适应性和良好的产量潜力。
