Jankovic Joseph
Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic, Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, 6550 Fannin, Suite 1801, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Toxicon. 2009 Oct;54(5):614-23. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2008.11.013. Epub 2008 Dec 6.
Botulinum toxin (BoNT) has been used for over a quarter of century for the treatment of well over 100 different indications. Many of the symptoms for which BoNT has been found to be effective occur in a variety of neurological disorders. One neurodegenerative disorder in which BoNT has been used extensively to treat various symptoms is Parkinson's disease (PD). This review will highlight the following therapeutic applications of BoNT in conditions associated with PD: limb dystonia, blepharospasm and lid apraxia, bruxism, cervical dystonia (anterocollis), camptocormia, hand and jaw tremor, rigidity (painful shoulder), freezing of gait, sialorrhea, dysphagia (achalasia), seborrhea, hyperhidrosis, overactive bladder, and constipation.
肉毒杆菌毒素（BoNT）已被用于治疗超过100种不同适应症达四分之一个多世纪。已发现BoNT有效的许多症状出现在多种神经疾病中。BoNT已被广泛用于治疗各种症状的一种神经退行性疾病是帕金森病（PD）。本综述将重点介绍BoNT在与PD相关病症中的以下治疗应用：肢体肌张力障碍、眼睑痉挛和眼睑失用症、磨牙症、颈部肌张力障碍（前斜颈）、脊柱前凸、手部和下颌震颤、僵硬（肩部疼痛）、步态冻结、流涎、吞咽困难（贲门失弛缓症）、脂溢性皮炎、多汗症、膀胱过度活动症和便秘。
