Artis D, Grencis R K
Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Mucosal Immunol. 2008 Jul;1(4):252-64. doi: 10.1038/mi.2008.21. Epub 2008 May 13.
The role of the intestinal epithelium as part of the physical barrier to infection is well established alongside its central roles in food absorption, sensing nutrients, and water balance. Nematodes are one of the most common types of pathogen to dwell in the intestine. This article reviews recent data that have identified crucial roles for intestinal epithelial cells in sensing these kinds of pathogens and initiating innate responses, which qualitatively influence adaptive immune responses against them. Moreover, it is now clear that the epithelium itself--in addition to the cells that lie within it--are key to many of the protective mechanisms that result in expulsion of these large multicellular parasites from the intestine. An understanding of the IEC and intraepithelial leukocyte response is crucial to both development of mucosal vaccines, and the mechanisms that underlie the emerging use of intestinal dwelling helminths for therapeutic treatments of inflammatory and autoimmune disease.
肠上皮作为感染物理屏障的一部分所起的作用已得到充分确立，同时它在食物吸收、营养感知和水平衡中也发挥着核心作用。线虫是寄居于肠道的最常见病原体类型之一。本文综述了近期的数据，这些数据确定了肠上皮细胞在感知这类病原体并启动固有免疫反应方面的关键作用，而固有免疫反应会定性地影响针对它们的适应性免疫反应。此外，现在很清楚的是，上皮本身——除了其中包含的细胞之外——对于许多导致这些大型多细胞寄生虫从肠道排出的保护机制至关重要理解肠上皮细胞和上皮内白细胞反应对于黏膜疫苗的开发以及肠道寄生蠕虫用于炎症和自身免疫性疾病治疗的新兴应用背后的机制都至关重要。
