Yoshihara Y
Laboratory for Neurobiology of Synapse, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
Results Probl Cell Differ. 2009;47:97-120. doi: 10.1007/400_2008_1.
Zebrafish is now becoming one of the most useful model organisms in neurobiology. In addition to its general advantageous properties (external fertilization, rapid development, transparency of embryos, etc.), the zebrafish is amenable to various genetic engineering technologies such as transgenesis, mutagenesis, gene knockdown, and transposon-mediated gene transfer. A transgenic approach unraveled two segregated neural circuits originating from ciliated and microvillous sensory neurons in the olfactory epithelium to distinct regions of the olfactory bulb, which likely convey different types of olfactory information (e.g., pheromones and odorants) to the higher olfactory centers. Furthermore, the two basic principles identified in mice, so-called one neuron-one receptor rule and convergence of like axons to target glomeruli, are basically preserved also in the zebrafish, rendering this organism a suitable model vertebrate for studies of the olfactory system. This review summarizes recent advances in our knowledge on genetic, molecular, and cellular mechanisms underlying the development and functional architecture of the olfactory neural circuitry in the zebrafish.
斑马鱼正成为神经生物学中最有用的模式生物之一。除了其一般的优势特性（体外受精、发育迅速、胚胎透明等）外，斑马鱼还适用于各种基因工程技术，如转基因、诱变、基因敲低和转座子介导的基因转移。一种转基因方法揭示了源自嗅觉上皮中纤毛和微绒毛感觉神经元的两条分离的神经回路通向嗅球的不同区域，这可能将不同类型的嗅觉信息（如信息素和气味剂）传递到更高的嗅觉中枢。此外，在小鼠中确定的两个基本原则，即所谓的一个神经元-一个受体规则和同类轴突汇聚到目标肾小球，在斑马鱼中也基本保留，使这种生物成为研究嗅觉系统的合适模式脊椎动物。本综述总结了我们在斑马鱼嗅觉神经回路发育和功能结构的遗传、分子和细胞机制方面的最新知识进展。
