Baylis Francoise
Bioethics and Philosophy, Dalhousie University, 1234 Le Marchant Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
Am J Bioeth. 2008 Dec;8(12):18-32. doi: 10.1080/15265160802559161.
In January 2008, the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority (HFEA) (London, UK) issued two 1-year licenses for cytoplasmic hybrid embryo research. This article situates the HFEA's decision in its wider scientific and political context in which, until quite recently, the debate about human embryonic stem cell research has focused narrowly on the moral status of the developing human embryo. Next, ethical arguments against crossing species boundaries with humans are canvassed. Finally, a new argument about the risks of harm to women egg providers resulting from research involving the creation of humanesque cytoplasmic hybrid embryos is elaborated. Taken together these ethical concerns about the moral status of the human embryo, about the ethics of crossing species boundaries with humans, and about the potential harms to women (concerns that independently are more or less weighty for different constituencies), provide good reason to eschew humanesque cytoplasmic hybrid embryo research in favor of less ethically controversial means to the laudable end of successful regenerative medicine.
2008年1月，英国伦敦的人类受精与胚胎学管理局（HFEA）颁发了两份为期一年的胞质杂交胚胎研究许可。本文将HFEA的这一决定置于更广泛的科学和政治背景中，直到最近，关于人类胚胎干细胞研究的争论一直狭隘地集中在发育中的人类胚胎的道德地位上。接下来，探讨了反对跨越人类与其他物种界限的伦理论据。最后，详细阐述了一个新的论点，即涉及创造类人胞质杂交胚胎的研究可能对女性卵子提供者造成伤害的风险。综合起来，这些关于人类胚胎道德地位、跨越人类与其他物种界限的伦理问题以及对女性潜在危害的伦理担忧（不同群体对这些担忧的重视程度各不相同），为避免进行类人胞质杂交胚胎研究提供了充分理由，转而采用在伦理上争议较小的方法，以实现再生医学这一值得称赞的目标。
