Meana Marta, Lykins Amy
Department of Psychology, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154-5030, USA.
J Sex Res. 2009 Jan-Feb;46(1):80-8. doi: 10.1080/00224490802624422.
After a long history of privileging psychosexual etiological factors over pain and physiological processes, dyspareunia has enjoyed 1 decade of pointed research focused on the presenting problem of pain. Although it is generally acknowledged that certain affective and cognitive styles may play a role in an individual's experience of pain in general, investigations into these questions specifically as they pertain to pain that occurs during sex are relatively scarce. To add to this growing body of knowledge, 759 women aged 18 to 29 completed questionnaires about current sexual functioning, gynecologic history, expectations about intercourse, and various personality and health-related anxiety measures. One-hundred-one women (14% of the sample) reported pain during intercourse on at least 50% of attempts. This group of women significantly differed from 536 women reporting pain on less than 10% of intercourse attempts on personality constructs related to emotional and relational well-being (e.g., neuroticism, extraversion, agreeableness), as well as anxiety sensitivity, anxiety related to physical health concerns, and the amplification of somatosensory experiences. This affective and cognitive profile is consistent with previous studies that have found an attentional hypervigilance to health and pain-related information in women with dyspareunia, all of which could prove germane to cognitive-behavioral treatments targeting this disorder.
在长期将心理性病因因素置于疼痛和生理过程之上后，性交疼痛已经经历了10年聚焦于疼痛这一现存问题的针对性研究。尽管人们普遍承认某些情感和认知方式可能在个体的一般疼痛体验中起作用，但专门针对与性交时发生的疼痛相关的这些问题的调查相对较少。为了增加这方面不断增长的知识，759名年龄在18至29岁之间的女性完成了关于当前性功能、妇科病史、性交期望以及各种个性和健康相关焦虑量表的问卷调查。101名女性（占样本的14%）报告在至少50%的性交尝试中存在疼痛。这组女性在与情感和关系幸福感相关的个性构念（如神经质、外向性、宜人性）以及焦虑敏感性、与身体健康担忧相关的焦虑和体感体验的放大方面，与536名报告在不到10%的性交尝试中存在疼痛的女性有显著差异。这种情感和认知特征与先前的研究一致，这些研究发现性交疼痛女性对健康和疼痛相关信息存在注意力过度警觉，所有这些都可能与针对这种疾病的认知行为治疗相关。
