Graham Trevor A, Wright Nicholas A
Histopathology Unit, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, WC2A 3PX, UK.
Future Oncol. 2008 Dec;4(6):825-39. doi: 10.2217/14796694.4.6.825.
Tissue-specific stem cells are responsible for the maintenance of the epithelium throughout the gastrointestinal tract. The accumulation of mutations in these stem cells is the likely cause of most gastrointestinal cancers. Clonal analysis of these stem cell populations has revealed how normal homeostatic processes work and how neoplastic growth occurs. In this review, we consider the clonal dynamics of stem cells in the gastrointestinal tract. We focus on mechanisms of clonal expansion, and discuss the novel methods that have been developed to study these processes in humans. Particular consideration is given to the role of clonal analysis in understanding dysplasia and neoplasia. We consider how improvements in sequencing technology may shape future research and clinical practice.
组织特异性干细胞负责维持整个胃肠道的上皮组织。这些干细胞中突变的积累很可能是大多数胃肠道癌症的起因。对这些干细胞群体的克隆分析揭示了正常的稳态过程是如何运作的以及肿瘤生长是如何发生的。在这篇综述中，我们探讨胃肠道干细胞的克隆动力学。我们聚焦于克隆扩张的机制，并讨论为在人类中研究这些过程而开发的新方法。特别关注克隆分析在理解发育异常和肿瘤形成中的作用。我们思考测序技术的进步可能如何塑造未来的研究和临床实践。
