Miller Laura C, Drislane Frank W
Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
Expert Rev Neurother. 2008 Dec;8(12):1817-27. doi: 10.1586/14737175.8.12.1817.
Generalized convulsive status epilepticus is a neurologic and medical emergency, with significant morbidity and mortality. First-line treatment includes administration of intravenous benzodiazepines. Second-line agents include intravenous phenytoin, phenobarbital, valproate and levetiracetam. Refractory status epilepticus necessitates the use of anesthetic agents such as pentobarbital, midazolam or propofol, with monitoring of treatment effect by continuous EEG. Nonconvulsive status epilepticus should be treated expeditiously but is not as threatening to health as convulsive status epilepticus.
全身性惊厥性癫痫持续状态是一种神经科和内科急症，具有较高的发病率和死亡率。一线治疗包括静脉注射苯二氮䓬类药物。二线药物包括静脉注射苯妥英钠、苯巴比妥、丙戊酸盐和左乙拉西坦。难治性癫痫持续状态需要使用麻醉剂，如戊巴比妥、咪达唑仑或丙泊酚，并通过持续脑电图监测治疗效果。非惊厥性癫痫持续状态应迅速治疗，但对健康的威胁不如惊厥性癫痫持续状态大。
