Patarrão Rita S, Lautt W Wayne, Afonso Ricardo A, Ribeiro Rogério T, Guarino Maria P, Fernandes Ana B, Boavida José M, Macedo M Paula
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, New University of Lisbon, Campo Martires da Patria 130, Lisbon 1169-056, Portugal.
Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 2008 Dec;86(12):880-8. doi: 10.1139/Y08-080.
In animal studies, the whole-body glucose disposal effect of insulin is low in the fasted state or after atropine infusion, but doubles after a meal, consistent with the hepatic insulin-sensitizing substance (HISS) hypothesis. We tested how a standardized test meal and atropine affected the dynamic response to insulin in humans. Insulin sensitivity was assessed in healthy male subjects (aged 28.9 +/- 1.9 years, body mass index 23.3 +/- 0.8 kg.m-2) by using the rapid insulin sensitivity test (RIST), which is a transient euglycemic clamp. After a 24-hour fasting period, dynamic insulin sensitivity was assessed and then repeated 100 min after the test meal. In a second protocol, the volunteers were fed the standardized test meal and intravenous atropine (0.5 mg) or saline (control group) was administered 50 min before insulin sensitivity assessment. Insulin sensitivity increased in the fed state (232.1% +/- 46.3%, n = 7) in comparison with the 24-hour fasted state. In the atropine protocol, the drug partially blocked (56.5% +/- 11.6%, n = 6) insulin sensitivity. In humans, feeding resulted in increased insulin sensitivity. The low dose of atropine in humans lead to a partial HISS-dependent decrease in insulin sensitivity. Meal-induced insulin sensitization occured in humans by a similar mechanism as that reported in other species. The sensitization process was regulated by a cholinergic 'feeding signal.'
在动物研究中，胰岛素的全身葡萄糖处置效应在禁食状态或注入阿托品后较低，但在进食后会加倍，这与肝脏胰岛素敏感物质（HISS）假说一致。我们测试了标准化测试餐和阿托品如何影响人类对胰岛素的动态反应。通过使用快速胰岛素敏感性测试（RIST，一种短暂的正常血糖钳夹技术）评估健康男性受试者（年龄28.9±1.9岁，体重指数23.3±0.8 kg·m⁻²）的胰岛素敏感性。在禁食24小时后，评估动态胰岛素敏感性，然后在测试餐后100分钟重复评估。在第二个方案中，给志愿者喂食标准化测试餐，并在胰岛素敏感性评估前50分钟静脉注射阿托品（0.5毫克）或生理盐水（对照组）。与24小时禁食状态相比，进食状态下胰岛素敏感性增加（232.1%±46.3%，n = 7）。在阿托品方案中，药物部分阻断了胰岛素敏感性（56.5%±11.6%，n = 6）。在人类中，进食导致胰岛素敏感性增加。低剂量阿托品导致人类胰岛素敏感性部分依赖于HISS而降低。人类中由餐诱导的胰岛素致敏与其他物种中报道的机制相似。致敏过程受胆碱能“进食信号”调节。
