Wang Lumei, Ye Weihong, Zhou Shanshan, Lin Kunde, Zhao Meirong, Liu Weiping
Institute of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P R China.
J Environ Sci Health B. 2009 Jan;44(1):38-43. doi: 10.1080/03601230802519611.
The acute and chronic toxicity of monocrotophos (MCP), the binary joint toxicity of MCP and bifenthrin (BF), and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) to Daphnia magna (D. magna) was evaluated. The 24 h-median effective concentration (24 h-EC(50)) and 48 h-median lethal concentration (48 h-LC(50)) of MCP towards D. magna were 161 and 388 micro g/L, respectively. In addition, the lowest-observed effective concentration (LOEC) and non-observed effective concentration (NOEC) of MCP to D. magna were 10 and 5 micro g/L, respectively. Furthermore, the chronic value (ChV) of MCP against D. magna was 7 micro g/L and the acute chronic ratio (ACR) was 55. The number of offspring per female and the intrinsic rate of natural increase (r) were identified as the parameters that were most sensitive to MCP. In addition, toxic unit (TU) analysis was employed to evaluate the joint toxicities. The calculated TU(mix) values of binary equitoxic mixtures of MCP + BF and MCP + SDBS were 1.47 and 1.63, respectively, which suggests that both equitoxic mixtures exert a limited antagonistic effect. The results of this study revealed that the toxic threshold of MCP towards D. magna is higher than its reported highest residue (4 micro g/L) in the ordinary aquatic environment, and that concurrent exposure to BF or SDBS may exert a slight antagonistic effect.
评估了久效磷（MCP）的急性和慢性毒性、久效磷与联苯菊酯（BF）的二元联合毒性以及十二烷基苯磺酸钠（SDBS）对大型溞（D. magna）的毒性。久效磷对大型溞的24小时半数有效浓度（24 h-EC(50)）和48小时半数致死浓度（48 h-LC(50)）分别为161和388微克/升。此外，久效磷对大型溞的最低观察有效浓度（LOEC）和未观察有效浓度（NOEC）分别为10和5微克/升。此外，久效磷对大型溞的慢性值（ChV）为7微克/升，急性慢性比（ACR）为55。每只雌性的后代数量和内在自然增长率（r）被确定为对久效磷最敏感的参数。此外，采用毒性单位（TU）分析来评估联合毒性。久效磷+联苯菊酯和久效磷+十二烷基苯磺酸钠二元等毒性混合物的计算TU(mix)值分别为1.47和1.63，这表明两种等毒性混合物均产生有限的拮抗作用。本研究结果表明，久效磷对大型溞的毒性阈值高于其在普通水生环境中报告的最高残留量（4微克/升），并且同时接触联苯菊酯或十二烷基苯磺酸钠可能产生轻微的拮抗作用。
