Wey Christine L, Beare Tianna, Biskeborn Kristin, Binkley Teresa, Arneson Lacey, Specker Bonny
EA Martin Program in Human Nutrition, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA.
Bone. 2009 Mar;44(3):454-60. doi: 10.1016/j.bone.2008.11.010. Epub 2008 Nov 27.
We previously reported greater than average aBMD in adult Hutterites; however, it is unknown whether higher aBMD occurs at younger ages. We examined Hutterite children to test the hypotheses that aBMD Z-scores in younger (<15 years) Hutterite children would be similar to reference data; but greater in older children after they enter the adult workforce at age 15. A secondary aim was to determine lifestyle factors associated with bone measures among Hutterite children. Hip, femoral neck, and spine BMC and aBMD were measured in 323 Hutterite children aged 8 through 19 years: 186 (108 girls) were <15 years (younger) and 137 (87 girls) were >or=15 years (older). Anthropometric measurements and activity and dietary recalls were obtained. Overall, children were lighter (Z=-0.29+/-0.72 [mean+/-SD]), shorter (Z=-0.15+/-0.86, and had lower BMI's (Z=-0.27+/-0.70) than other South Dakota children residing in the same counties (all, p<or=0.002). Older girls and boys had higher percent time in moderate+vigorous activity (21+/-10% and 29+/-11% [mean+/-SD]) than younger girls and boys (15+/-10% and 18+/-10%, both p<0.001). Younger girls and boys had high hip aBMD Z-scores (0.30+/-1.0, 0.44+/-0.97; both greater than 0 at p<or=0.002). Younger males had low spine Z-score (-0.27+/-1.15, p=0.04). None of the Z-scores for the older ages were different from 0. Controlling for covariates, miles walked/day and grip strength were associated with greater hip bone area among girls (both, p<0.05). Grip strength was associated with hip and femoral neck BMC and hip aBMD among boys (all, p<0.05). Femoral neck bone area was inversely associated with calcium intake among boys (p<or=0.05), while higher hip BMC and spine BMC and aBMD were associated with increased vitamin D intake (all, p<or=0.05). Lean mass was an independent predictor of all bone measures, while fat mass was inversely associated with most measures of bone area. In summary, contrary to our hypothesis younger Hutterite children had greater hip aBMD Z scores than the normative DXA database, whereas older children did not. We speculate that high activity levels during the rapid growth phase leads to increased bone turnover and bone size; following bone consolidation later in young adulthood this will result in greater bone size and aBMD.
我们之前报道过，成年哈特派信徒的骨密度（aBMD）高于平均水平；然而，尚不清楚较高的骨密度是否在较年轻时就已出现。我们对哈特派儿童进行了检查，以检验以下假设：年龄较小（<15岁）的哈特派儿童的骨密度Z值与参考数据相似；但在15岁进入成年劳动力阶段后，年龄较大儿童的骨密度Z值会更高。第二个目的是确定哈特派儿童中与骨测量相关的生活方式因素。对323名年龄在8至19岁的哈特派儿童测量了髋部、股骨颈和脊柱的骨矿含量（BMC）和骨密度：186名（108名女孩）年龄<15岁（较年轻），137名（87名女孩）年龄≥15岁（较年长）。获取了人体测量数据以及活动和饮食记录。总体而言，这些儿童比居住在同一县的其他南达科他州儿童体重更轻（Z=-0.29±0.72[平均值±标准差]）、身高更矮（Z=-0.15±0.86），且体重指数更低（Z=-0.27±0.70）（所有情况，p≤0.002）。年龄较大的女孩和男孩进行中度+剧烈活动的时间百分比更高（分别为21±10%和29±11%[平均值±标准差]），高于年龄较小的女孩和男孩（分别为15±10%和18±10%，p均<0.001）。年龄较小的女孩和男孩髋部骨密度Z值较高（分别为0.30±1.0、0.44±0.97；p≤0.002时均大于0）。年龄较小的男性脊柱Z值较低（-0.27±1.1
