Allert A L, Fairchild J F, Distefano R J, Schmitt C J, Brumbaugh W G, Besser J M
US Geological Survey, Columbia Environmental Research Center (USGS/CERC), 4200 New Haven Road, Columbia, MO 65201, USA.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2009 May;72(4):1207-19. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2008.08.005. Epub 2008 Dec 20.
The Viburnum Trend mining district in southeast Missouri, USA is one of the largest producers of lead-zinc ore in the world. Previous stream surveys found evidence of increased metal exposure and reduced population densities of crayfish immediately downstream of mining sites. We conducted an in-situ 28-d exposure to assess toxicity of mining-derived metals to the woodland crayfish (Orconectes hylas). Crayfish survival and biomass were significantly lower at mining sites than at reference and downstream sites. Metal concentrations in water, detritus, macroinvertebrates, fish, and crayfish were significantly higher at mining sites, and were negatively correlated with caged crayfish survival. These results support previous field and laboratory studies that showed mining-derived metals negatively affect O. hylas populations in streams draining the Viburnum Trend, and that in-situ toxicity testing was a valuable tool for assessing the impacts of mining on crayfish populations.
美国密苏里州东南部的荚蒾趋势矿区是世界上最大的铅锌矿生产地之一。此前的溪流调查发现，在矿区下游紧邻区域，有金属暴露增加以及小龙虾种群密度降低的迹象。我们进行了为期28天的原位暴露实验，以评估采矿产生的金属对林地小龙虾（Orconectes hylas）的毒性。矿区的小龙虾存活率和生物量显著低于对照点和下游区域。矿区水体、碎屑、大型无脊椎动物、鱼类和小龙虾中的金属浓度显著更高，并且与笼养小龙虾的存活率呈负相关。这些结果支持了先前的野外和实验室研究，即采矿产生的金属对荚蒾趋势矿区排水溪流中的O. hylas种群有负面影响，并且原位毒性测试是评估采矿对小龙虾种群影响的一种有价值的工具。
